Tenthredo, Kyoto, 3 (4): 322. TS: Thecla signata Butler, [1882].

 

650. signata Butler, [1882] (Thecla). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1882: 854. TL: “Kuramatsunai; Yesso”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          quercivora Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 137. TL: Askold Island. Had been originally described as a good species.  D: Middle Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

Natural History of the British Butterflies, London, 2: 277. TS: Dipsas saepestriata Hewitson, 1865.

 

651. inomatai Fujioka, 1993 (Japonica). Butterflies, Tokyo, 5: 31. TL: Partizansk. Had been originally described as a subspecies of adusta Riley, 1930. 

·          inomatai Fujioka, 1993 (Japonica). D: South Ussuri region: Khasan district, Vitjaz bay, Putjatina and Furugelma islands.

 

652. lutea Hewitson, 1865 (Dipsas). Illustrated common of the Lepidoptera. Lycaenidae, 1: 67; 2: pl. 26, fig. 9, 10. TL: “Japan” [Honshu]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          dubatolovi Fujioka, 1993 (Japonica). Butterflies, Tokyo, 5: 30. TL: Arsenjev city. Had been originally described as a subspecies of lutea. D: Amur region; Ussuri region; South Sakhalin; Kunashir in Kuriles; Chita area (Dubatolov et al., 2003: 172; figs. 17, 18).

 

653. onoi Murayama, 1953 (Japonica). Butterflies Moths, Tokyo, 3: 18, 20; figs. 7 8.. TL: Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan (Saigusa & Murayama, 1994). Had been originally described as a subspecies of lutea.

·       onoi Murayama 1953.  (Japonica). D: Southern Ussuri reion.

 

654. saepestriata Hewitson, [1865] (Dipsas). Illustrated common of the Lepidoptera. Lycaenidae, 1: 67; 2: pl. 26, fig. 7, 8. TL: “Japan” [Honshu]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          saepestriata Hewitson, 1865 (Dipsas). D: Middle Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

Natural History of the British Butterflies, London, 2: 277. TS: Thecla michaelis Oberthür, 1880.

 

655. michaelis Oberthür, 1880 (Thecla). Études d’Entomologie, 5: 19; Tab. 5, fig. 2. TL: [Askold island]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          michaelis Oberthür, 1880 (Thecla). D: South Ussuri region.

 

656. stygiana Butler, 1881 (Thecla). Proceedings of the zoological Society of London, 27: 278. TL: Japan, “Nikko”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          stygiana Butler, 1881 (Thecla). D: Sakhalin; possible in Kunashir.

 

Tenthredo, Kyoto, 3 (4): 326. TS: Thecla jonasi Janson, 1877.

 

657. jonasi Janson, 1877 (Thecla). Cistula Entomologica, 2: 157. TL: “Honshu: near the River Yokawa, at the foot of Assamayama”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          jonasi Janson, 1877 (Thecla). D: Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

Magazin für Insektenkunde, 6: 286. TS: Papilio betulae Linnaeus, 1758.

 

658. betulae Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 482. TL: Sweden. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          betulae Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: European part (without north); Siberia (without north); Transbaikal; Caucasus; Kazakhstan; North Tian Shan; Dzhungaria; Altai; Sayan; Praebaikal; Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

659. betulina Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 127; Tab. 16, fig. 6. TL: “Suifun” [Razdolnaja river]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          betulina Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). D: South Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

Tenthredo, Kyoto, 3 (4): 312. TS: Thecla japonica Murray, 1845.

 

660. brilliantinus Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 130. TL: “von der Insel Askold und von Suyfun”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          brilliantinus Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). D: South Ussuri region.

 

661. regina Butler, 1881 (Thecla). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881: 854. TL: Hokkaido. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          regina Butler, 1881 (Thecla). D: East Transbaikal (Sretensk); Amur region; Ussuri region; Sakhalin; Kunashir.

 

662. smaragdinus Bremer, 1861 (Thecla). Mémoires de la Academie des Sciences, Saint-Pétersbourg, 8: 25; Tab. 3, fig. 5. TL: “Ussuri” – by the lectotype (Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1987: 19). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          doerrisei Danchenko, 2000 (Chrysozephirus). TL: South Sakhalin. D: TL.

·          smaragdinus Bremer, 1861 (Thecla). D: Middle Amur region; Ussuri region; South Sakhalin.

Tenthredo, Kyoto, 3: 347. TS: Dipsas orientalis Murray, 1875.

 

663. aquamarinus Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1987 (Neozephyrus). Nasekomye, klestshi i gelminty, Novosibirsk: 22 – 24, 26; ris. 1 (B), 2, 3 (z). TL: “Приморье, 85 км юго-западнее г. Владивостока, п-ов Гамова, бухта Витязь” [Ussuri region, 85 km SW Vladivostok, Gamov peninsula, Vitjaz bay]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aquamarinus Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1987 (Neozephyrus). D: South Ussuri region.

 

664. aurorinus Oberthür, 1880 (Thecla). Études d’Entomologie, 5: 18. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aurorinus Oberthür, 1880 (Thecla). D: South Ussuri region; Askold island.

 

665. cognatus Staudinger, 1892 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 6: 152. TL: “Sutschan” – by the lectotype (Matsuda, 1996). Had been originally described as a good species.

·       cognatus Staudinger, 1892 (Thecla). D: Amur region.

 

666. jezoensis Matsumura, 1915 (Zephyrus). Entomological Magazin Kyôto, 1 (2): 57, 60; pl. 2, fig. 6. TL: Hokkaido, “Jozankei”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          jezoensis Matsumura, 1915 (Zephyrus). D: Kunashir.

 

667. korshunovi Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1982 (Neozephyrus). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 61: 375 – 376; ris. 1, 2, 5. TL: “Приморье, 85 км юго-зап. Владивлстока, п-ов Гамова, бухта Витязь” [Ussuri region; 85 km SW Vladivostok, Gamov peninsula, Vitjaz bay]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          korshunovi Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1982 (Neozephyrus). D: South Ussuri region: Khasan district.

2

668. latifasciatus Shirôzu & Hayashi, 1959 (Neozephyrus). Sieboldia, 4: 142. TL: Khonsyu island. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          latifasciatus Shirôzu & Hayashi, 1959 (Neozephyrus). D: South Sakhalin.

 

669. orientalis Murray, 1865 (Dipsas). Entomological Montley Magazine, 11: 169. TL: “Japoniam”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          schischkini Kurentzov, 1970 (Zephyrus). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, Leningrad: 124. TL: Southern Sikhote-Alin, Goletz Mt. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Southern Amur region; Ussuri region..

 

670. saphirinus Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 135; Tab. 16, fig. 3 – 5. TL: “Insel Askold”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          saphirinus Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). D: Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

671. quercus Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 482. TL: England. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          quercus Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: European part (without north); South Ural (Belaja and Sakmara rivers).

 

672. taxila Bremer, 1861 (Thecla). Mémoires de la Academie des Sciences, Saint-Pétersbourg, 8: 26, 95; Tab. 3, fig. 7. TL: “устье… р. Иман” [under course of the Iman river] (Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1987: 18). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          taxila Bremer, 1861 (Thecla). D: Amur region; Ussuri region; South Kuriles.

 

673. ultramarinus Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 278. TL: “Pung-Tung” in Corea. Had been originally described as a variety of taxila.

·          ultramarinus Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). D: South Ussuri region.

 

674. ussuriensis Murayama, 1960 (Favonius). Tyô to Ga, Tokyo, 11: 28 – 33. TL: Ussuri. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          vitjaz Dubatolov & Sergeev, 1982 (Neozephyrus). Revue Russe d’Entomologie, Moscow, 61: 376 – 377; ris. 7 – 10, 11. TL: “Приморье, 85 кмюго-зап. Владивостока, п-овГамова, бухтаВитязь” [Ussuri region, 85 km SW Vladivostok, Gamov peninsula, Vitjaz bay]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of ussuriensis. D: South Ussuri region.

 

Natural History of the British Butterflies, London, 2: 277. TS: Thecla raphaelis Oberthür, 1880.

 

675. raphaelis Oberthür, 1880 (Thecla). Études d’Entomologie, 5: 20; Tab. 5, fig. 1. TL: “d’Amur region, d’Ascold”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          raphaelis Oberthür, 1880 (Thecla). D: South Ussuri region.

 

Tribus Deudorigini Doherty, 1886

 

Selevinia, Alma-Ata, 1994 (2): 94. TS: Deudorix arata Bremer, 1864.

 

676. arata Bremer, 1864 (Thecla). Mémoires de la Academie des Sciences, Saint-Pétersbourg, 8: 25; Tab. 3, fig. 6. TL: “...im Bureja-Gebirge; ...zwischen der Ussuri-Mündung und dem Noor”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          arata Bremer, 1864 (Thecla). D: Amur region; Ussuri region; Sakhalin (middle part); South Kuriles.

 

677. betuloides Blanchard, 1871 (Rapala). C. r. hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci., 72: 810. TL: “Western China”. Had been originally established as a good species.

·          ssp? D: South Ussuri region: Ussurijsk vicinity.

 

Tribus Eumaeini Doubleday, 1847

 

Natural History of British Butterflies, London, 2: 143. TS: Lycaena myrtale Klug, 1834.

 

678.  abdominalis Gerhard, 1882 (Thecla). Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 26: 127. TL: “bei Achty am Samurflusse im Caucasus”.

·       ssp? D: Transcaucasus.

 

679. acaciae Fabricius, 1787 (Papilio). Mantissa Insectorum…, 2: 69. TL: “Russia australiori”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          acaciae Fabricius, 1787 (Papilio). D: South of European part; Caucasus; Crimea; South Ural; North-West Kazakhstan.

 

680. eximia Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 271. TL: “Pung-Tung” in Corea. Had been originally described as a variety of w.album.

·          eximia Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). D: Middle Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

681. herzi Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 279; pl. 13, fig. 4. TL: [Pung-Tung] in Corea. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          herzi Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). D: East Transbaikal; Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

682. ilicis Esper, [1779] (Papilio). Die Schmetterlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen, Erlangen, 1 (1): 353. TL: “Erlangen”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          ilicis Esper, [1779] (Papilio). D: Middle and Southern part of European area; Crimea; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; South Ural; North Kazakhstan; West Siberia.

 

683. latior  Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 271.  TL: “Pung-Tung” in Corea. Had been originally described as a variety of spini.

·          latior Fixsen, 1887 (Thecla). D: East Transbaikal; Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

684. pruni Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 482. TL: Germany. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          pruni Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: All regions of the ex-USSR without north and Middle Asiatic mountains.

 

685. prunoides Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 129; Taf. 6, Fig. 1. TL: “bei Wladiwostok … bei Ust-Kamenogorsk”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          prunoides Staudinger, 1887 (Thecla). D: South Siberian mountains; Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

686. runides Zhdanko, 1990 (Nordmannia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 135; ris. 2, 3. TL: “Сретинск Забайкал.” [Sretinsk in Transbaikal]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          runides Zhdanko, 1990 (Nordmannia). D: TL.

 

687. spini [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775] (Papilio). Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend, Wien: 186. TL: Vienna. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          spini [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775] (Papilio). D: Middle and South of European part; South Ural and Transural; Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

 

688. w-album Knoch, 1782 (Papilio). Beiträge zur Insektengeschichte, 2: 85; Taf. 6, Fig. 1, 2. TL: Leipzig. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          fentoni Butler, 1881 (Thecla). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1881: 854. TL: Hokkaido. Had been originally described as a variety of w-album.  D: Amur region; Ussuri region; Sakhalin.

·          w-album Knoch, 1782 (Papilio). D: European part; North Kazakhstan; Crimea; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; West Siberia; South Ural.

 

Сhlenistonogie i gelminty, Novosibirsk: 53. [nom. nov. pro Argus Gerhard, [1850], nec Argus Bohadsch, 1761]. TS: Lycaena ledereri Boisduval, 1848

 

689. cyri Nekrutenko, 1978 (Pseudothecla). Doklady Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoj SSR, Kiev, Ser B, 1978 (1): 85; ris. 1, 1 – 4, 2 (a – w). TL: “Зап. Азербайджан, с. Иори, 300 – 400 м” [West Azerbaijan, Iori, 300 – 400 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of ledereri  Boisduval, 1848.

·          badachshanica Ju.Ju.Stshetkin, 1984 (Pseudothecla). Zoological Journal, Moscow, 63: 1430 – 1431. TL: “ЗападныйПамир, юго-западныйсклонШугнанскогохребтауХорогскогоботаническогосада, 2400 м” [West Pamir, the south-western slope of Shugnansky mountain ridge near Khorog botanic gardin, 2400 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of cyri. D: West Pamir.

·          cyri Nekrutenko, 1978 (Pseudothecla). D: Transcaucasus; Kopet Dagh.

·          seravshanica Ju.Ju.Stshetkin, 1984 (Pseudothecla). Zoological Journal, Moscow, 63: 1431. TL: “Зеравшанскийхребет, юго-западныйберегоз. Искандер-Куль,… 2200 м” [Zeravshansky mountain ridge, the south-western shore of Iskander-Kul lake, 2200 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of cyri. D: Gissar; West Darvaz.

 

690. ledereri Boisduval, 1848 (Thecla). Annales de la Société entomologique de France, Paris, 6: 29. TL: “...au pied de Caucase”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          ledereri Boisduval, 1848 (Thecla). D: Transcaucasus.

 

Entomologische Rundschau, 27: 162. TS: Thecla sassanides Kollar, [1849].

 

691. acaudata Staudinger, 1901 (Thecla). Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Berlin (Aufl. 1): 70. TL: “Margelan” – by the lectotype (Lukhtanov, 1995: 51). Had been originally described as a variety of lunulata.

·          acaudata Staudinger, 1901 (Thecla). D: North and West Tian Shan.

 

692. goniopterum Lukhtanov, 1995 (Satyrium). Nachrichten des entomologischen Vereins Apollo, N.F., Frankfurt am Main, 16: 52, 54; Abbn. 4, 5 – 6. TL: “Usbekistan, südwestlicher Teil des Gissar-Gebirges, Tuda, 2400 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          goniopterum Lukhtanov, 1995 (Satyrium). D: TL.

 

693. lunulata Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Thecla). Reise nach Turkestan, 2 5 (3) (Lepidoptera): 7; pl. 1, fig. 5. TL: “zwischen Iori und Daschty-Kasy im Serawschan-Tal”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          lunulata Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Thecla). D: Alai; Gissar; Darvaz; West Pamir.

 

694. sassanides Kollar, [1849] (Thecla). Denksschrift Königen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 1: 51. TL: Iran. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          mirabilis Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Thecla). Reise nach Turkestan, 2 5 (3) (Lepidoptera): 7; pl. 1, fig. 4. TL: “Oalyk-Tal im Serawschan-Tal”. Had been originally described as a good species. D: All Middle Asiatic mountains.

·          sassanides Kollar, [1849] (Thecla). D: Kopet Dagh.

 

Novitates Zoologica, 32: 70, 78. TS: Polyommatus epargyros Eversmann, 1854.

 

695. epargyros Eversmann, 1854 (Polyommatus). Bulletin de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 27: 178; pl. 1, fig. 1, 2. TL: “die südlichen Kirgisensteppen, nördlich vom Aral-See und am Sir-Darja”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          epargyros Eversmann, 1854 (Polyommatus). D: All Middle Asiatic mountains, in the steppes belt; Kopet Dagh; South Transcaucasus.

 

Arkhiv Zoologisk, 38: 50. TS: Lycaena ferrea Butler, 1866.

 

696. arquata Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). Neue entomologische Nachrichten, Marktleuthen, 29: 27; figs. 14, 15, 64. TL: “Andijan, E. Turkestan, U.S.R.” Had been originally described as a good species.

Remark. K.Johnson (1992: 27 – 28) in his work about the “elfin” butterflies from Palaearctis wrote: “This species is represented by old samples and has not been mentioned in any of early literature or recent studies of the Soviet fauna. The species became apparent from an aggregate sample principally deriving from specimens in the Stempffer collection which became avaliable in 1983 at the MNHN. These MNHN specimens, along with the group from the NHM labelled simply Turkestan and E. Turkestan (and therefore somewhat suspect as to veracity), now appear to indicate a vicariant taxon of the A. ferrea Group from the montane Uzbek S.R. region. Andre Surakov (Univ. of Florida, pers. com.) has recently collected in the Andijan region of Uzbek S.R. and, from his firsthand experience with A. frivaldszkyi in the U.S.R., reports that the montane habitat is typical of that expected for a Palaearctic elfin”. To all of writed it is possible to add, that the mountains of Central Asia, in spite of the fact that for last half-centuries there has visited very many collectors and experts, are investigated still very bad. Therefore it is quite possible, that in any little-known mountain valley the butterflies of this genus – arquata or another, yet not described species till now fly. These butterflies quite could be kept in conditions of the middle mountainous rephugium in the  last glaciation, when occured intensive faunistic exchanges between mountain ridges (and it is known, that the butterfly of a genus Ahlbergia – mountain species) to Southern Siberia and Northern Tian Shan. Through Northern Tian Shan many from migrired  here of species could continue expansion further – in Internal and Western Tian Shan, and also – on Altai and even in Pamir. Typical locality of arquata – Andijan in Uzbekistan – is in territory of Western Tian Shan – one of the areas which have tested the greatest influence  of boreal faunistic elements during last faunogenetical of rearrangements in holocene. For this reason I do not reject this species as "incorrectly labelled" etc., and I leave it in the present catalogue as really existing – you see listed Kurt Johnson the differences it from close species are rather significant and, probably, are constant.

·          arquata Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). D: TL; West Tian Shan: Kok-Mechet (Tuzov et al., 2000: pl. 56, fig. 19).

 

697. frivaldszkyi Lederer, 1855 (Thecla). Verhandlungen des zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 5: 100. TL: “Ustbuchtarminsk”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aquilonaria Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). Neue entomologische Nachrichten, Marktleuthen, 29: 43; figs. 24 D, 25 D, 70 C, D, E. TL: “Manchuria”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of frivaldszkyi. D: Transbaikal; Far East; Kamchatka; Amur region; Ussuri region.

·          frivaldszkyi Lederer, 1855 (Thecla). D: Altai; Sayan; Praebaikal; Tuva.

 

698. korea Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). Neue entomologische Nachrichten, Marktleuthen, 29: 23 – 24; figs. 10, 11, 62. TL: “South Corea”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          korea Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). D: Amur region; Ussuri region; Sakhalin.

 

699. leei Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). Neue entomologische Nachrichten, Marktleuthen, 29: 25 – 26; figs. 12, 13, 63. TL: “Chine”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          leei Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). D: Amur region; East Transbaikal.

 

700. tricaudata Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). Neue entomologische Nachrichten, Marktleuthen, 29: 41 – 42; figs. 24 C, 25 C, 70 F, G. TL: “China”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of frivaldszkyi.

·          tricaudata Johnson, 1992 (Ahlbergia). D: Sayan; Tuva; Praebaikal.

 

Enumeratio Insectorum Musei Billbergii: 80. TS: Papilio rubi Linnaeus, 1758.

 

701. chalybeitincta Sovinsky, 1905 (Callophrys). Revue Russe d’Entomologie, Moscou, 5 (3-4): 109. TL: «Дагестан, окрестности Дербента» [Daghestan, Derbent vicinity]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          chalybeitincta Sovinsky, 1905 (Callophrys). D: Small Caucasus.

 

702. mystaphia Miller, 1912 (Callophrys). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 26: 222 – 223. TL: “Kagyzman”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          mystaphia Miller, 1912 (Callophrys). D: Transcaucasus; Kopet Dagh.

 

703. rubi Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 483. TL: Sweden. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            borealis Möshler in Krulikowsky, 1891 (Callophrys). Bulletin de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 4: 18. TL: Kasan region. Had been originally described as a variety of rubi. D: South and Middle of European part; South Ural; West Siberia; South Siberian mountains.

·            rubi Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: North of European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

 

704. schamil Sheldon, 1914 (Callophrys). Entomologist, 47: 272. TL: Novorossiisk. Had been originally described as a subspecies of rubi.

·            eitschbergeri Dantchenko in Tuzov et al., 2000 (Callophrys). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 55, fig. 25. TL: Krasnyi Yar in the Astrakhan region. Had been originally described as a subspecies of chalybeitinctus. D: the lower Volga: Astrakhan and Volgograd regions.

·            schamil Sheldon, 1914 (Callophrys). D: North Caucasus.

 

705. suaveola Staudinger, 1881 (Thecla). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 279. TL: “Lepsa”. Had been originally described as a variety of rubi.

·          butlerovi Migranov, 1991 (Callophrys). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Bashkirii, Ufa: 89. TL: “южный… склон горы Янгудай, южная часть хребта Кунгактау (Южный Урал), 450 – 500 м над ур.м.” [southern slope of Yangudaj Mt., southern part of Kungaktau Mts. (South Ural), 450 – 500 m]. Had been originally described as a good species. D: South Ural.

·          suaveola Staudinger, 1881 (Thecla). D: South Altai; Dzhungaria; Saur; Tarbagatai; Transili Alatau Mts.; Kungey Ala-Too Mts.; Kirghiz Mts.

 

Tribus Neolycaenini Korb, 1997

 

Butterflies of India, Burmah and Ceylon, 3: 15, 64. TS: Lycaena sinensis Alphéraky, 1881.

 

Note. A.B.Zhdanko (2001: 80) at the basis of little set of characters established the new status for taxon Rhymnaria Zhdanko, 1983. This nomenclaturic act needs very good motivation, and I keep here status of this taxon as synonym of Neolycaena.

 

 

706. aeto Zhdanko, 1994 (Neolycaena). Selevinia, Alma-Ata, 1994 (1): 73. TL: “Таджикистан, р. Обихингоу к. Ляйрун-Було” [Tadzhikistan, Obikhingou river, Lyajrun-Bulo]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aeto Zhdanko, 1994 (Neolycaena). D: TL.

 

707. baidula Zhdanko, 2000 (Neolycaena). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 55, figs. 4 – 6. TL: “Kirghizia, Inner Tian-Shan, Baidulu Mts., 22 km S of Pass Dolon, 2,400 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          baidula Zhdanko, 2000 (Neolycaena). D: Inner Tian Shan: TL.

 

708. carbonaria Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890 (Lycaena). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 4: 388; pl. 8, fig. 9. TL: “Dzhilantau, Baldjouan, Buchara” – by the lectotype (Zhdanko, 1998 a: 653). Had been originally described as a variety of tengstroemi.

·          carbonaria Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890 (Lycaena). D: SW Tadzhikistan.

 

709. churkini Zhdanko, 2001 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 2: 81 – 82; fig. 2; pl. 7, figs. 1 – 4. TL: “Kirgizstan, Chatkalsky Mts. (southern sl.), 5 km E  Aflatun v., Karasu R., 1350 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            churkini Zhdanko, 2001 (Neolycaena). D: southern slope of Chatkalsky Mts.

 

710. davidi Oberthür, 1881 (Lycaena). Études d’Entomologie, 6 (3): 13; pl. 8, fig. 1. TL: “Nord-est de la China”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            dahurica Churkin, 2004 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 5: 193 – 194; figs. 6 e, 7 g, pls. 11, 12, figs. 31, 32. TL: “Russia, Dahuria, S. Chita reg., Priargunsky distr., Doroi v., Argun R. … (50º N; 119º E)”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of davidi. D: Dahuria in South Chita region.

·            davidi Oberthür, 1881 (Lycaena). D: South Transbaikal.

·            goliath Churkin, 2004 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 5: 175 – 178; 1 a, d, 4, 5 a, b, 6 c, 7 a, b, 9 a, b, pls. 11, 12, figs. 11, 12, 27, 28. TL: “Russia, Siberia, Buryatia, Ulan-Ude, Sotnikovo v. … (51º5o’ N; 107º30’ E)”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of davidi. D: Lower Basin of Sekenga River in Buratia.

·            irkuta Zhdanko, 1994 (Neolycaena). Selevinia, Alma-Ata, 1994 (1): 73 – 74. TL: “Irkut”. Had been originally described as a good species. D: South Tuva.

·            kozlovi Zhdanko, 1994 (Neolycaena). Selevinia, Alma-Ata, 1994 (2): 95. TL: “СевернаяГоби” [North Gobi]. Had been originally described as a good species. D: South Tuva.

·            victoriae Churkin, 2004 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 5: 186 – 188; figs. 6 d, 7 c, 9 c, pls. 11, 12, figs. 29, 30. TL: “Russia, Siberia, Tuva, 25 km NW Kyzyl, SE edges of Ujuksky (Uyuksky) Mts., Seserlig R. (51º56’ N; 94º10’ E)”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of davidi. D: Central Tuva, Enisei River basin.

 

711. dinara Zhdanko, 2001 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 2: 82 – 83; fig. 3, pl. 7, figs. 5 – 8. TL: “East Alai (northern sl.), 24 km S Gulcha, Kyzyl-Korgon v., 2300 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            dinara Zhdanko, 2001 (Neolycaena). D: Northern slope of Alai Mts., localities Katta-Karakol and Kyzyl-Korgon.

 

712. eckweileri Lukhtanov, 1993 (Neolycaena). Atalanta, Würzburg, 24: 65. TL: “Kasachstan, Dshungarischer Alatau, Dshalanaschkol (175 km E Sarkand), 1200 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          eckweileri Lukhtanov, 1993 (Neolycaena). D: Dzhungaria.

·          oschi Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenije, Saint-Pétersbourg, 77: 650. TL: “Osch”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of submontana. D: East Alai.

·          saurica Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenije, Saint-Pétersbourg, 77: 650. TL: “Кишкенетау, предгорьяСаура, Тарбагатай” [Kishkenetau, Saur, Tarbagatai]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of submontana. D: Saur; Tarbagatai.

·          transiliensis Lukhtanov, 1993 (Neolycaena). Atalanta, Würzburg, 24: 67. TL: “Zailiskyi Alatau, Kaskelen, Tshekelen, 1600 – 1800 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of eckweileri. D: Transilian Alatau.

Remark. I give all described by B.N.Zhdanko in the species Neolycaena submontana taxa for the Lukhtanov’s species N. eckweileri because eckweileri transiliensis and submontana are synonyms (Korb, 1998 c: 27).

 

713. falkovitshi Zhdanko & Korshunov, 1985 (Neolycaena). Pauki i nasekomye Sibiri, Novosibirsk: 61. TL: “Горная Шория” [Gornaja Shoria]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          falkovitshi Zhdanko & Korshunov, 1985 (Neolycaena). D: Kusnetzky Alatau Mts; North Altai.

 

714. iliensis Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 25: 452. TL: “prov. Suidun Kuldja”, “Чимпандзи” [Chimpandzi] – by the lectotype (Tuzov et al., 2000: pl. 54, fig. 16). Had been originally described as a variety of tengstroemi.

·          iliensis Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 (Lycaena). D: Only Ili valley; all other locations are incorrect.

 

715. iya Zhdanko, 2001 (Rhymnaria). Helios, Moscow, 2: 84 – 88; figs. 4, 13, pl. 7, figs. 9, 10, 14. TL: “Tian-Shan, Talassky Alatau Mts. (southern slopes), Susamyr river valley., 45 km E Alabel Pass, 2300 – 2400 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            iya Zhdanko, 2001 (Rhymnaria). D: TL.

 

716. kasakhstana Lukhtanov, 1990 (Neolycaena). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1990 (6): 19; ris. 7, 1. TL: “Казахстан, п-ов Мангышлак, Мангыстау, г. Отпан, 25 км к западу от пос. Шетпе, 300 м” [Kazakhstan, Mangyshlak peninsula, Otpan, 25 km W Shetpe, 300 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of tengstroemi.

·            kasakhstana Lukhtanov, 1990 (Neolycaena). D: West Kazakhstan.

·            karaliusi Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 2: 92 – 93; figs. 2, 4, pl. 7, figs. 17, 18, 20, 21. TL: “W.Kazakhstan, Ust’Urt Plateau (west), 3 km w. Beyneu-Aktau road”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of kazakhstana [sic!]. D: TL.

 

718. lunara Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). Zoological Journal, Moscow, 77: 198 – 199; ris. 1 (3, 5), 2 (3). TL: “хребет Кугитек, р. Обихингоу, с. Доштихасан, 2000 м” [Kugitek Mts., Obikhingou river, Doshtikhasan, 2000 m]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          lunara Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). D: Only known from these localities: TL, Tavil-Dara in Obikhingou valley, Ljayrun-Bola in Obikhingou valley, Vakhshsky Mts (Sari-Khosor valley).

 

719. medea Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). Zoological Journal, Moscow, 77: 196 – 198; ris. 1 (1, 6), 2 (1). TL: “Тянь-Шань, Терскей Алатоо, окрестности пос. Тамга, 2500 м” [Tian Shan, Terskey Ala-Too Mts., Tamga vicinity, 2500 m]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          medea Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). D: Only known from the following localities: TL, Kadzhi-Saj in Terskey Ala-Too Mts., Min-Kuta on Kekemerek river in the Moldotoo mountain ridge, Naryn vicinity. I think that this species distributes in all area between Terskey Ala Too Mts. and Naryntoo Mts and possible – souther.

 

720. olga Lukhtanov, 1999 (Neolycaena). Atalanta, Würzburg, 30 (1/4): 131 – 133, Abb. 1, Farbtaf. 9b. Type locality: “Kirgisien, Tienschan, Suusamyr-Kette (östlicher Teil), Kysyloi, 30 km W Tschaek, 1800 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            olga  Lukhtanov, 1999 (Neolycaena). D: Suusamyrtau mountain ridge in West Tian Shan, Kirghiz Mts near type locality.

 

721. pretiosa Staudinger, 1886 (Thecla). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 209. TL: “Margelan und Namangan”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          pretiosa Staudinger, 1886 (Thecla). D: Alai; Turkestansky Mts.; Ferghana valley.

 

722. rhymnus Eversmann, 1832 (Lycaena). Nouvelles Mémoires de la Société des Naturalistes de Moscou, 2: 350; pl. 19, fig. 1, 2. TL: “Sergievsk” – by the lectotype (Zhdanko, 1983). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          betpakdalensis Zhdanko, 1998 (Neolycaena). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenije, Saint-Pétersbourg, 73: 645; ris. 16 w. TL: “Бетпак-Дала, Кендерлык” [Betpak-Dala, Kenderlyk]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of rhymnus. D: Betpak-Dala: Kenderlyk; Akchatau Mts.

·          rhymnus Eversmann, 1832 (Lycaena). D: South Praeural; Steppes of Ukraina and Russia; North and Middle Kasakhstan; North Balkhash region; Kalbinsky Mts.; Tarbagatai; Saur; Monrak; Altai; West and South Praebaikal.

 

723. rufina Lukhtanov, 1994 (Neolycaena). Atalanta, Würzburg, 25: 200 – 201; pl. 7 a. TL: “Kasachstan, Dshungarischer Alatau, Katutau-Gebirge, Koibyn-Tal, 60 km W Dsharkent, 1000 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          rufina Lukhtanov, 1994 (Neolycaena). D: Dzhungaria.

 

724. sajana Zhdanko, 1994 (Neolycaena). Selevinia, Alma-Ata, 1994 (2): 96. TL: “Саяны, Арашан-гол” [Sayan, Arashan-gol]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          sajana Zhdanko, 1994 (Neolycaena). D: West Sayan; possible in Altai.

 

725. sinensis Alphéraky, 1881 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 16: 383; Tab. 14, fig. 7. TL: “Тянь-Шань” [Tian Shan] – by the lectotype (Zhdanko, 1998 b: 200). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          sinensis Alphéraky, 1881 (Lycaena). D: South Dzhungaria; Ketmen Mts.; Toraygyr Mts.; eastern part of Kungey Ala-Too Mts.

 

726. tangutica Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 25: 452. TL: “Dzhachar (Amdo)” – by the lectotype (Zhdanko, 1998 a: 656). Had been originally described as a variety of tengstroemi.

·       tangutica Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 (Lycaena). D: South Tuva.

 

727. tengstroemi Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Thecla). Reise nach Turkestan, 2 5 (3) (Lepidoptera): 11; pl. 1, fig. 8. TL: “Туркестан, пески Кызылкум” [Turkestan, Kysylkum] – by the lectotype (Zhdanko, 1998 a: 648). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aigul Zhdanko & Churkin, 2001 (Neolycaena). Helios, Moscow, 2: 91 – 92; figs. 1, 3, pl. 7, figs. 23, 24, 26, 27. TL: “W.Kazakhstan, Sauskan sands, 120 km E. Aktau, 10 km E Usttagan v.”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of tengstroemi. D: TL.

·          tengstroemi Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Lycaena). D: Kazakhstan and Middle Asiatic deserts.

 

Tribus Tomarini Eliot, 1973

 

Faune entomologique de l’Andalousie, Paris, 2: 261. TS: Papilio ballus Fabricius, 1787.

 

728. callimachus Eversmann, 1848 (Lycaena). Bulletin de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 21: 208. TL: “Helenendorf”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          callimachus Eversmann, 1848 (Lycaena). D: South and south-east of European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

·          tauricus Korb & Yakovlev, 1998 (Tomares). Lambillionea, Bruxelles, 98: 141; fig. TL: “Krim, Sudak, 300 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of callimachus. D: Crimea only.

·          ssp? D: West Tian Shan.

·          ssp? D: North Tian Shan: Transilian Alatau Mts., Kirghiz Mts.

 

729. desinens Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1980 (Tomares). Journal of the Lepidopterists’s Society, 23: 69; fig. 1 – 8. TL: “USSR: Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic: Talysh Mountains: ZuvanD: Hili-dara: 1800 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          desinens Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1980 (Tomares). D: Talysh in Transcaucasus.

 

730. fedtschenkoi Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Thestor). Reise nach Turkestan, 2 5 (3) (Lepidoptera): 8; pl. 1, fig. 6. TL: Samarkand. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          fedtschenkoi Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Thestor). D: Middle Asiatic mountains without Pamir, but possible in its northern part.

 

731. nogelii Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 (Thecla). Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jakob HÜBNER’s Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge, Regensburg, 6: 33; Fig. 529 – 532. TL: “Amasia”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          nogelii Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 (Lycaena). D: South of European part.

 

732. romanovi Christoph, 1882 (Thecla). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 17: 106 – 109. TL: Armenia. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          cachetinus Nekrutenko, 1978 (Tomares). Doklady Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoj SSR, Ser. B, 1978: 87; ris. 1, 7, 2 g – d. TL: “Вост. Грузия, Вашлованскийзаповедник, ущельеПантишара, 350 м” [East Grusia, Vashlovansky preservation, Pantishara valley, 350 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of romanovi. D: Grusia.

·          romanovi Christoph, 1882. D: Transcaucasus; Koper Dagh.

·          ssp? D: Crimea.

 

733. telemachus Zhdanko, 2000 (Tomares). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 56, figs. 29 – 31. TL: “Turkmenistan, Kopeth-Dagh Mts., Karachaudan, 700 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          telemachus Zhdanko, 2000 (Tomares). D: Kopet-Dagh.

 

Subfamily Lycaeninae [Leach], [1815]

 

According to last works on the systematics of  Lycaenini, this tribus of blues differs by solidity and can not be considered as a taxon, consisting from several separate genera. Brightly this sight is demonstrated by the following citation: "Neuere Untersuchungen (Fiedler 1988; Scott & Wright 1990; Fiedler 1991) lassen die Lycaenini als eine alte monophyletische Gruppe erscheinen. Bei den Larven der europäischen und vorderasiatischen Arten sind das Dorsale Nektarorgan und die Tentakelorgane sekundär zurückgebildet; nur Porenkuppel-Organe sind vorhanden. Die Raupen unterhalten daher keine Beziehungen zu Ameisen. Die Gattung Lycaena ist vorwiegend holarktisch verbreitet. In der Nearktis allein kommen 14 Arten vor … Vom Genus Lycaena spalteten Tutt … und Verity … Einige Artengruppen und Arten als Gattungen oder Untergattungen ab. In Leraut (1980) sind die in Frankreich, Belgien und Korsika vorkommenden Lycaena-Arten in den Untergattungen Lycaena Fabricius und Heodes Dalman zusammengefaßt. Die Berechtigung solcher Aufteilungen wurde mehrfach angezweifelt. So vermißten schon Graves and Hemming … Merkmalsangaben vom taxonomischem Wert bei der Aufstellung neuer Taxa der Gattungsgruppe durch andere Autoren. Wie auch Malicky (1969: 39) übernehmen wir die Aufsplitterung nicht, denn sie widerspricht der weitgehenden Übereinstimmung im imaginalen Habitus, in den imaginalen Verhaltenswiesen im Freiland, in der einander entsprechenden präimaginalen Entwichklungsstadien (siehe Malicky 1969; Fiedler 1988), in der den meisten Arten gemeinsamen Bindung der Raupen an Nahrungspflanzen aus der Familie Polygonaceae, von der nach bisheriger Kenntnis nur Lycaena solskyi (Erschoff, 1874) und Lycaena thetis, die an Acantholimon (Plumbaginaceae) leben (Tolman 1993; Zhdanko 1990; Fiedler & Schurian 1994), und einige wenige Arten in Nordamerika eine Ausnahme machen (siehe Scott 1986), die Ericaceae, Grossulariaceae [sic!] oder Rhamnaceae fressen, und schließlich – soweit bekannt – in der allen gemeinsamen Chromosomenzahl von n = 24. All das weist so deutlich auf einen gemeinsamen phylogenetischen Ursprung hin, daß die vorhandenen morphologischen und genitalmorphologischen Verschiedenheiten für of uns zwar wichtige Kriterien zur Trennung der Arten, aber keine ausreichende Grundlage für eine Differenzierung in Taxa der Gattungsgruppe darstellen. Wir ziehen es vor, näher zusammengehürende Arten in Gruppen zusammenzufassen" (Hesselbarth et al., 1995: 457). As it is visible from all told above, the modern authors base the conclusions on phylogenetic the analysis based on the larvae's trophomorpha. However this approach to systematics of  Lycaenini seems to us erroneous. First of all, it is necessary to take into account attributes of external and internal morphology, and mainly – male genitalia, as most conservative attribute for such ancient group, as Lycaenini. The trophomorpha of larvae, without doubts, also should be used, but only as an auxiliary attribute allowing to confirm that or other conclusions.

According to modern works, synonyms it is necessary to consider the following taxa: Heodes, Lycaena, Thersamonia, Phoenicurusia, Thersamonolycaena and Athamanthia, together with others taxa of generic group Lycaenini, which should be reduced in synonyms to last recognizing that their type species are identical to type species listed above taxa: Chrysoptera Zincken, 1817, Chrysophanus Hübner, [1818], Lycia Sodoffsky, 1837, Migonitis Sodoffsky, 1837, Rumicia Tutt, 1906, Loweia Tutt, [1906], Palaeoloweia Verity, 1934, Helleia Verity, 1943, Disparia Verity, 1943, Palaeochrysophanus Verity, 1943, Rapsidia Sibatani, 1974, Alciphronia Koçak, 1992; from them of Lycaena – oldest suitable name. Between that, at detailed study of male genitalia it appears, that such mixture of the generic names Lycaenini is not always justified, and in some cases is justified only partially – when taxa of generic group it is necessary to understand as subgeneric. Let's stop more in detail on a situation everyone taxon, being guided two basic components of the analysis – structure od wing's drowing and male genitalia.

Lycaena. A type species – Papilio phlaeas Linnaeus, 1758. Male genitalia (fig. 13). Valvae almost rectangular, its external edge ellyptical, with fine non-uniform cogs. Jucsta by consideration sideways has triangular outlines. Aedeagus by a straight line  is narrowed to apex, vesica opens on it dorsal of a surface, with one cornutus. Wing pattern. A forewing from above with an extensive orange field and wide grey territories,  a discal stain large, black; is present also discoidal spot. Postdiscal row of spots of the wrong form. A hindwing from above grey, with wide submarginal field of orange colour. From below forewing has the same pattern, as well as from above. A hindwing from below grey, one-colour, with wrong rows of fine postdiscal and basal spots. Pattern identical both at males, and at females.

Heodes. A type species – Papilio virgaureae Linnaeus, 1758. Male genitalia (fig. 14). Valvae almost rectangular, with a powerful thorn on dorsal edge and blade in ventral part of the caudal edge. Jucsta very much sklerotized, in a lateral projection has triangular outlines. Aedeagus with the pointed top and one fine cornutus in vesica. Wing pattern. Ground colour of above of wings geld-red, is bright brilliant, with a narrow dark strip on borders. Female from above is much more dim, with extensive discal, discoidal, postdiscal and submarginal spots on a forewing and antemarginal, postdiscal and submarginal spots on a hindwing. Pattern of a bottom of wings is identical both at males, and at females – on a gold-yellow background of a forewing two are located fine discal, discoidal and postdiscal of a stain; background of a back wing also gold-yellow, two lines of spots – basal and postdiscal, and stain of a postdiscal spots  with white are expressed.

Thersamonolycaena. A type species – Lycaena dispar [Haworth], 1802. Male genitalia (fig. 16). Valva lengthened, with smooth narrowing in distal third separating extended apex. Free edge of apex with precise cogs. Jucsta large, consists of two is thin of the branches, pointed to apex, with wide lateral blades. Aedeagus large, is longer of valva, straight line smoothly narrowed to apex, with one cornutus in vesica. Wing pattern. Wings of male from above bright gold-red, with small black discal by a stain on a forewing and thin black external border. Female's hindwing grey with wide orange submarginal field and black spots of the postdiscal row from above is more dim. A forewing of female with wide grey external border, discal and postdiscal black spots and correct row of  postdiscal black spots. The bottom of a forewing orange, external border bluish, antemarginal pattern is poorly expressed only in anal part of a wing. On a forewing two are expressed discoidal, discal and postdiscal stain. A hindwing from below bluish, antemarginal pattern is well expressed; except for it are available discal, basal and  postdiscal spots.

Thersamonia. A type species – Papilio thersamon Esper, [1784].  Male genitalia (fig. 15). Valvae lengthened, the free border of apex with fine cogs is gradually narrowed to apex. Jucsta large, massive, it slightly of a branch are almost equal to length of valvae. Aedeagus longer than valva, S-figuratively bent, with the pointed apex. Wing pattern. Male from above gold-orange, hindwing – with an extensive field casting violet. External border narrow, black. Female from above gold-orange, with complete rows of antemarginal, postdiscal spots on both wings; on a hindwing a row of submarginal spots is expressed also; are available discal and discoidal poins on a forewing and discal – on a hindwing. A forewing from below orange, with well expressed antemarginal drowing. Discal and two discoidal spots rather large. Postdiscal row of black spots complete. Hindwing bluish, with bright antemarginal pattern and complete row of postdiscal spots. Are expressed also discal  and basal spots. Hindwings frequently with cogs.

Phoenicurusia. A type species – Polyommatus phoenicurus margelanica Staudinger, 1881 (Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1983: 13). Male genitalia (fig. 18). Valvae lengthened, in caudal third this expansion of the trapezoid form extends, in apical part is armed fine equal cogs. Aedeagus long, S-figuratively bend. Jucsta is submitted by two wide blades. Wing drowing. Top and bottom of wings, as at Athamanthia. Back wings always with cogs.

Athamanthia. A type species – Polyommatus athamantis Eversmann, 1854. Male genitalia (fig. 17). Valvae lengthened, in caudal part is bent up, narrow, is slightly extended at apex, with characteristic sclerotyzed by the blade in distal  third of internal surface. Jucsta as pair of triangular blades covering aedeagus from below, is strong sclerotyzed. Aedeagus  is thin pointed, with one – two cornutes in vesica. Wing pattern. From above butterfly of both sexes dark, brown or grey, with thin reddish (red) figure on veins and with thin belt that colours along external border. Well visible from above as a rule only submarginal and discal patterns. From below wings more light, from whitish up to grey, with bright complete antemarginal pattern.  Belts of the postdiscal row are well expressed on both wings. A back wing with of basal pattern. Hindwings always with cogs.

As it is visible from the given figures, on a structure of genitalia in tribus two groups – with valvae without sclerotyzed formations at apex and with valvae with sclerotyzed formations (cogs or blades) are sharply allocated. Besides that these groups differ by the sclerotyzed apical  part of valvae, they have also other differences: more primitive pattern of wings, lengthened valvae, cogs on hindwings, branch of gnathos on length in two – three times exceeding length of uncus at species of group with sclerotyzed formations at apex of valvae. This group, into which enter taxa of generic group Thersamonolycaena, Phoenicurusia and Athamanthia, I allocate in separate tribus Athamanthiini trib.n. (type genus: Athamanthia Zhdanko, 1983). Tribus Athamanthiini more older, than Lycaenini, also stands much closer to Theclinae, about what speak such attributes, as weak differentiation genital structures, primitive wing pattern and cogs on a hindwing. Inside this tribus well differ the genera Phoenicurusia, Thersamonolycaena and Athamanthia: the taxon Thersamonolycaena strongly differs from two others already by the wing drowing (look above), and also structure of genitalia: its valvae with narrowing in apical part. Others two taxa of generic group cost close to each other on wing pattern (practically not differing), but strongly differ on a structure of genitalia, and first of all –  by the structure of valvae, aedeagus and uncial structures (look figures).

Inside tribus Lycaenini independently costs the taxon  Thersamonia, at which some representatives can be expressed cogs in the hindwings. Besides strong difference it taxon from two others (Heodes and Lycaena) – lengthened valvae and presence of a powerful thorn in it apical part. Besides the distinctions are observed in a structure od jucsta and aedeagus. On this basis the taxon  Thersamonia should be considered as a good genus. Valvae of Heodes, as well as them aedeagus and uncial structures, are only updating of similar structures in Lycaena; the essential distinctions are observed only in wing's drowing (look above), however it is not enough of them for giving Heodes of the generic status. Therefore I consider the taxon  Heodes as a subgenus of  Lycaena.

 

Tribus Athamanthiini trib.n.

Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation, London, 69: 225. TS: Papilio dispar [Haworth], 1802.

 

734. aeolides Churkin, 1998 (Thersamonolycaena). Atalanta, Würzburg, 29: 125 – 129; pl. 4b, figs. 1 – 5.. TL: “Tadjikistan, Gissar, Fanskie Mts., 15 km SW from Madovra v., Lake Kulikalon, 3200 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aeolides Churkin, 1998 (Thersamonolycaena). D: Only known from its type locality.

 

735. aeolus Wyatt, 1961 (Heodes). Journal of the Lepidopteist’s Society, 15: 17. TL: Hindukush. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aeolus Wyatt, 1961 (Heodes). D: West Pamir; Darvaz.

 

736. alciphron Rottemburg, 1775 (Papilio). Naturforscher, Halle, 6: 11. TL: Berlin. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          alciphron Rottemburg, 1775 (Papilio). D: European part; Middle and South Ural; West Siberia; Caucasus.

·          fruginus Fruhstorfer, 1917 (Chrysophanus). Societas entomologica, 32: 12. TL: Talysh. Had been originally described as a subspecies of alciphron. D: Talysh.

·          gordius Sulzer, 1776 (Papilio). Abg. Gesch. Ins. Linn. Syst., Berlin: 146; Taf. 18, Abbn. 7, 8. TL: Graubünden in Switzerland. Had been originally described as a good species. D: North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.

·          naryna Oberthür, 1910 (Chrysophanus). Études lépidoptèrologie comparée, 4: 115; pl. 45, fig. 407. TL: "Fort-Naryne, dans la province Semirechgensee, au Turkestan oriental". Had been originally described as a variety of alciphron. D: North Tian Shan; Dzhungaria; Saur; Tarbagatai; South Siberian mountains.

·          trolli ssp.n. [nec rubidus Korshunov in Korshunov  & Gorbunov, 1995, nomen nudum]

Diagnosis. From the  subspecies naryna  differs by pattern of wings and its colouration and a little by extended form of wings, also by poor visible violet tinge on the wing upperside.

Description. Length of a forewing is 16 mm. Wing upperside gold-reddish, all elements of wing pattern – as in the typical form but more relief, blacker. The description is translated from Korshunov, 1977: 676.

Material. Holotype male  collected in the Sudzukte valley in North Mongolia, which deposite in the Institute of Ecology and Systematics of Animals in Novosibirsk.

D: Chita river valley in Transbaikal.

 

737. dispar [Haworth], 1802 (Papilio). Prodromis Lepidopterorum Britannicorum, London: 3. TL: England. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          dahurica Graeser, 1888 (Polyommatus). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 32: 75. TL: “Pokr.[ovka]”. Had been originally described as a variety of dispar. D: Transbaikal.

·          festivus Krulikowsky, 1909 (Chrysophanus). Revue Russe d’Entomologie, Moscou, 9: 300. TL: “Rossiae orientalis”. Had been originally described as a variety of dispar. D: West Siberia; Kazakhstan; Altai; Tuva; Praebaikal; Sayan.

·          parvus Kurentzov, 1941 (Chrysophanus). Trudy gorno-tajozhnoj stanzii Akademii Nauk SSSR, Vladivostok, 4: 364. TL: “Приморскийкрай, р. Мельгуновка” [Ussuri region, Melgunovka] – by the lectotype (Azarova, 1986: 126). Had been originally described as a subspecies of dispar. D: Ussuri region; Amur region.

·          rutila Werneburg, 1864 (Papilio). Beiträge zur Schmetterlingskunde, Erfurt, 1: 391, 494. TL: ? Berlin. Had been originally described as a good species. D: European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Crimea; North Tian Shan; Dzhungaria.

 

738. splendens Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 280. TL: Dzhungarian Alatau Mts. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          splendens Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). D: Tian Shan.

 

739. violaceus Staudinger, 1892 (Polyommatus). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 5: 315. TL: “Kentei” [Kudara-Somon in Transbaikalia]. Described as a variety of dispar.

·          violaceus Staudinger, 1892 (Polyommatus). D: South Siberian mountains.

 

Le farfalle diurne d’Italia, Firenze, 2: 21. TS: Polyommatus phoenicurus margelanica Staudinger, 1881 (Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1983: 13).

 

740. margelanica Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 282. TL: “Margelan”. Had been originally described as a variety of phoenicurus.

·          legezini Zhdanko, 2000 (Phoenicurusia). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 60, fig. 19. TL: “Tadjikistan, S. Gissar, Choltau Mts.” Had been originally described as a subspecies of margelanica. D: Gissar.

·          margelanica Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). D: All Middle Asiatic mountains without East Pamir.

·          nigra Zhdanko, 2000 (Phoenicurusia). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 60, figs. 22 – 24. TL: “Kazakhstan, Zailiisky Alatau Mts., near Alma-Ata, 1,000 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of margelanica. D: North Tian Shan.

 

Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 62: 139. TS: Polyommatus athamantis Eversmann, 1854.

 

741. alexandra Püngeler, 1901 (Chrysophanus). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 14: 179; Taf. 2, Fig. 6. TL: “Alexander-Gebirge”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of athamantis.

·          alexandra Püngeler, 1901 (Chrysophanus). D: From middle course of Syrdarja river to Kungey Ala Too Mts.

·          darja Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 143 (name), 141 (description). TL:  “Сыр-Дарья, Байгакум” [Syrdarja, Baigakum]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of alexandra. D: TL.

·          zhanibeki Zhdanko, 2000 (Athamanthia). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 60, figs. 37 – 39. TL: “Kazakhstan, Dzhungarsky Alatau, Katutau Mts., Koibyn, 800 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of alexandra. D: Dzhungarsky Alatau mts.

 

742. athamantis Eversmann, 1854 (Polyommatus). Bulletin de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 27: 180; Taf. 1, Fig. 3, 4. TL: “Kirgis” – by the lectotype (Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1983: 11). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          athamantis Eversmann, 1854 (Polyommatus). D: Deserts and semideserts of Kazakhstan from North Praearal to Sajsan lake.

·          iliensis Staudinger, 1886 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 203. TL: “Kuldja-District”. Had been originally described as a variety of phoenicurus. D: Ili valley.

 

743. churkini Zhdanko, 2000 (Athamanthia). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 60, figs. 28 – 30. TL: “Kirghizia, Suusamyr Mts., 7 km SE of Kyzyl-Oi, Keke-Meren River, 1,650 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          churkini Zhdanko, 2000 (Athamanthia). D: TL.

 

744. dilutior Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 238. TL: Alai. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          dilutior Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). D: Alai.

 

745. dimorpha Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 282. TL: “Lepsa”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          bogutena Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 141. TL: “горыБогуты, урочищеСартугай, 5 кмзап. поймыр. Чарын” [Boguty Mts., Sartugaj valley, 5 km W of Charyn valley]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of dimorpha. D: Eastern part of North Tian Shan.

·          dimorpha Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). D: South Altai; Dzhungaria.

·          funeraria Nekrutenko, 1984 (Lycaena). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1984 (6): 47. TL: [Burchmulla, Chatkalsky Mts.]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of dimorpha. D: West Tian Shan.

·          irghiza Nekrutenko, 1985 (Lycaena). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1984 (6): 31; ris. 2 (1 a – b, 2 a – b). TL: [Irghiz, Aktjubinsk region]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of japhetica. D: TL.

 

746. eitschbergeri Lukhtanov, 1993 (Athamanthia). Atalanta, Würzburg, 24: 71. TL: “Kirgisien, westlicher Terskey-Alatau, zwischen Rybatschje und Orto-Tokoi, 1800 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          eitschbergeri Lukhtanov, 1993 (Athamanthia). D: Terskey Ala-Too: northern slope.

 

747. infera Nekrutenko, 1984 (Lycaena). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1984 (6): 47. TL: “Khumsan, Karzhantau Mts”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of dimorpha.

·          infera Nekrutenko, 1984 (Lycaena). D: Karzhantau Mts. in West Tian Shan.

 

748. issykkuli Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 135; ris. 4, 5. TL: “Issykkul”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          issykkuli Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). D: Northern slope of the Terskey Ala Too mountain ridge.

 

749. japhetica Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1983 (Lycaena). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1983 (4): 12; ris. 1 (4, 5), 2 (4), 3, 4. TL: “Азербайджанская ССР, Апшеронский р-н, долина р. Дизаварчай (между ст. Килязы и с. Тазакенд), 250 м” [Azerbaidzhan, Apsheron district, Dizavarchay river valley betveen localities Kilyazy and Tazakend, 250 m]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          japhetica Nekrutenko & Effendi, 1983 (Lycaena). D: Small Caucasus (known only from the type locality).

 

750. melicertes Nekrutenko, 1985 (Lycaena). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1985 (4): 29 – 31; ris. 1 (1), 4 (1). TL: “Нахичеванская АССР, долина р. Аракс у с. Неграм” [Nakhichevan ASSR, Araks river valley near Negram]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          melicertes Nekrutenko, 1985 (Lycaena). D: Transcaucasus.

 

751. phoenicurus Lederer, 1872 (Polyommatus). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 8: 8; Taf. 1, Fig. 4, 5. TL: Astrabad. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          phoenicurus Lederer, 1872 (Polyommatus). D: Kopet Dagh; South Transcaucasus.

 

752. rushanica Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 138; ris. 6, 7. TL: “Памир, Хорог, арык Ханив, 2500 м” [Pamir, Khorog, Aryk Khaniv, 2500 m]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          rushanica Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). D: West Pamir.

 

753. sogdiana Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 138, 140; ris. 8, 9. TL: “Таджикская ССР, хр. Табакчи, г. Калининабад” [Tadzhikistan, Tabakchi Mts., Kalininabad]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          sogdiana Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). D: TL.

 

754. turgena Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 140. TL: “хр. Заилийский Алатау, 85 км вост. Алма-Аты, Тургенское ущелье” [Transili Alatau Mts., 85 km E Alma-Ata, Turgen valley]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of dimorpha.

·          turgena Zhdanko, 1990 (Athamanthia). D: North Tian Shan (central and western part).

 

 

Entomological Record and Journal of Variation, London, 26: 135. TS: Polyommatus caspuis Lederer, 1870.

 

755. caspia Lederer, 1870 (Polyommatus). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 6: 76; Taf. 4, Fig. 3. TL: Astrabad. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          caspia Lederer, 1870 (Polyommatus). D: Kopet Dagh.

·          transiens Staudinger, 1886 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 201. TL: Samarkand. Had been originally described as a subspecies of caspius. D: West Gissar.

 

756. ophion Hemming, 1933 (Lycaena). Entomologist, London, 66: 278 [nom. nov. pro Chrysophanus sarthus caudatus Staudinger, 1901, nec C. thetis caudatus Staudinger, 1901]. TL: SE Bukhara. Had been originally described as a  subspecies of sartha.

·          ophion Hemming, 1933 (Lycaena). D: Transalai Mts.; Darvaz; West Pamir.

 

757. pamira Nekrutenko, 1984 (Hyrcanana). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1984 (3): 12 – 14; ris. 2 (2), 3 (2), 4. TL: “Ишкашим, кишлак Нют (ю.-зап. Памир)” [Ishkashim, kishlak Njut (SW Pamir)]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          pamira Nekrutenko, 1984 (Hyrcanana). D: West Pamir.

 

758. sartha Staudinger, 1886 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 202. TL: Alai, Kara-Kasuk pass. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          sartha Staudinger, 1886 (Polyommatus). D: Alai Mts.; Gissar.

 

759. sultan Lang, 1884 (Polyommatus). Rhopalocera Europaea descripta et delineata, London, 1: 368. TL: “Samarkand”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          sultan Lang, 1884 (Polyommatus). D: Gissar.

Tribus Lycaenini [Leach], [1815]

 

Magazin für Insektenkunde, 6: 285. TS: Papilio phlaeas Linnaeus, 1761.

 

Subgenus Lycaena sensu stricto.

 

760. helle [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775] (Papilio). Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend, Wien: 181. TL: Vienna. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          helle [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775] (Papilio). D: European part (central and southern part); South Ural.

·          phintonis Fruhsorfer, 1910 (Chrysophanus). Entomologische Zeitschrift, Frankfurt am Main, 24: 144. TL: “Irkutsk”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of amphidamas Esper, [1780]. D: Caucasus (without north-western part); Transcaucasus; Siberia (middle and southern part); Amur region; Ussuri region; middle part of Far East; Dzhungaria; Tarbagatai; Saur.

·          shchurovi P.Y.Gorbunov, 2001 (Lycaena). The butterflies of Russia: classification, genitalia, keys for identification, Ekatherinburg: 110. TL: «С.-З. Кавказ, платоЛагонаки, окр. перевалаБелореченский, 1800-1950 м, субальп. луга» [NW Caucasus, Lagonaki plateau, Belorechensky Pass, 1800-1950 m, subalpine meadows]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of helle. D: NW Caucasus.

 

761. phlaeas Linnaeus, 1761 (Papilio). Fauna Svecica, sistens animalia Sveciae Regni: Quadripedia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, distributa per classes et ordines, genera et species. Cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, locis habitantionum, descriptionibus insectorum, Stockholmiae (ed. 2): 285. TL: Sweden. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          chinensis Felder, 1862 (Chrysophanus). Wiener entomologischen Monatsschrift, 5: 488. TL: China. Had been originally described as a variety of phlaeas. D: South Ussuri region.

·          comedarum Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890 (Polyommatus). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 4: 365 - 366. TL: “Près du col Beïk; 14,000 p.”. Had been originally described as a variety of phlaeas. D: East Pamir.

·          daimio Courvoisier in Seitz, [1909] (Chrysophanus). Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, Stuttgart, 1: 286; Taf. 77, Abb. b. TL: “Japan”. Had been originally described as a variety of phlaeas. D: Southern Kuril islands.

·          ganalica P.Gorbunov in Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995 (Lycaena). Dnevnye babochki asiatskoj chasti Rossii, Ekaterinburg: 162. TL: “Камчатка, Ганальскаятундра” [Kamchatka, Ganalskaya Tundra]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of phlaeas. D: Kamchatka.

·          oxiana Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890 (Polyommatus). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 4: 452.  TL: “Kabadian”. Had been originally described as a variety  of phlaeas. D: Kopet Dagh; Alai; Gissar; Darvaz; North Tian Shan; Inner Tian Shan; Dzhungaria; Saur; Tarbagatai; South Siberian mountains.

·          phlaeas Linnaeus, 1761 (Papilio). D: European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Tian Shan; Siberia; Far East.

·          stygianus Butler, 1880 (Chrysophanus). Proceedings of the zoological Society of London, 1880: 408; pl. 39, fig. 5. TL: Candahar in Afghanistan. Had been originally described as a good species. D: West Pamir.

 

K. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., Stockholm, 1: 63. TS: Papilio virgaureae Linnaeus, 1758.

 

762. candens Herrich-Schäffer, [1844] (Polyommatus). Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jakob Hübner’s Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge, Regensburg, 1: 133. TL: “Kleinasien”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            candens Herrich-Schäffer, [1844] (Polyommatus). D: Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

 

763. hippothoe Linnaeus, 1761 (Papilio). Fauna Svecica, sistens animalia Sveciae Regni: Quadripedia, Aves, Amphibia, Pisces, Insecta, Vermes, distributa per classes et ordines, genera et species. Cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, locis habitantionum, descriptionibus insectorum, Stockholmiae (ed. 2): 274. TL: Sweden. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          amurensis Staudinger, 1892 (Chrysophanus). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 6: 155. TL: “Amur region”. Had been originally described as a variety of hippothoe. D: Amur region.

·          hippthoe Linnaeus, 1761 (Papilio). D: Central and southern of European part; Kazakhstan; Dzhungaria.

·          sajana Kozhantschikov, 1923 (Chrysophanus). Ezhegodnik gosudarstvennogo muzeja imeni Martjanova, Minussinsk, 1 (1): 10-11. TL: “Sajan Geb., Buiba-See (1400 m)”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of hippothoe. D: Siberia westwards to Altai.

 

764. tityrus Poda, 1761 (Papilio). Insecta Musei Graecensis, quae in ordines, genera et species juxta Systema Naturae Caroli Linnaei digessit, Graecii: 77. TL: Graz. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          argentifex Báint, 1990 (Lycaena). A Janus Pannonius Múzeum Évkönyve, Praha, 34: 47 – 62. TL: E & SE Carpathians. Had been originally described as a subspecies of tityrus. D: Carpathians.

·          orientalis Staudinger, 1881 (Polyommatus). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 281. TL: “dem Ala Tau”. Had been originally described as a variety of dorilis Hufnagel, 1766. D: Caucasus; Transcaucasus; North Tian Shan; Kazakhstan; Dzhungaria; Saur; Tarbagatai; Altai; Sayan; Tuva; Praebaikal.

·          tityrus Poda, 1761 (Papilio). D: European part; South Ural; West Siberia.

 

765. virgaureae Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 484. TL: Sweden. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          lena Kurentzov, 1970 (Chrysophanus). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, LeningraD: 128. TL: “изЯкутии… назападномсклонеВерхоянскогохребта… ивЦентральнойЯкутии” [from Yakutia… on the western slope of Verkhojansk mountain ridge… and in Central Yakutia]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of virgaureae. D: Far East.

·          mongolica Kurentzov, 1970 (Chrysophanus). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, LeningraD: 128. TL: “вСевернойМонголии, с. Тосан-Жогол… вВосточномЗабайкалье” [in North Mongolia, Tosan-Zhogol… in East Transbaikal]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of virgaureae. D: South Siberian mountains; Amur region.

·          virgaureae Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Middle Siberia.

 

Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Varietion, London, 31: 28. TS: Papilio thersamon Esper, [1784].

 

766. aditya Moore, 1874 (Chrysophanus). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1874: 571 – 572; pl. 66, fig. 1. TL: “Dras Valley (between Tashgam and Karkit-Choor), Ladak”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          aditya Moore, 1874 (Chrysophanus). D: West Pamir.

 

767. alaica Grum-Grshimailo, 1888 (Polyommatus). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 22: 305 – 306. TL: “Alai”; “Valle du Petit-Karamouk” (Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890: 364). Had been originally described as a variety of thersamon.

·          alaica Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890 (Polyommatus). D: Darvaz.

 

768. alpherakii Grum-Grshimailo, 1888 (Polyommatus). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 22: 305. TL: “Hindukusch orient”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          alpherakii Grum-Grshimailo, 1888 (Polyommatus). D: East Pamir.

·          zhdankoi Churkin, 2002 (Thersamonia). Helios, Moscow, 3: 183 – 187; figs. 1 a – c, 2 a, b, pl. 15, figs. 16 – 20. TL: “West Pamirs, Vanch Mts., Gyshkhun (Gushkhon) valley, 3000 – 3300 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of alpherakii. D: West Pamir.

 

769. asabinus Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 (Lycaena). Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jakob Hübner’s Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge, Regensburg, 6: 31; Fig. 527, 528. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          satraps Staudinger, 1879 (Polyommatus). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 14: 230. TL: Asia Minor. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Transcaucasus (south).

 

770. attila Zhdanko, 1990 (Thersamonia). Revue d’Entomologie de l’URSS, Léningrad, 69: 140; ris. 10. TL: “Иркештам на границе с Кашгарией, 1600 м” [Irkeshtam on the border with Kashgaria, 1600 m]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          attila Zhdanko, 1990 (Thersamonia). D: Eastern part of Transalai Mts.

 

771. lampon Lederer, 1870 (Polyommatus). Horae Societates Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 8: 8. TL: North Persia. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          lampon Lederer, 1870 (Polyommatus). D: Kopet Dagh.

 

772. ochimus Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 (Lycaena). Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, zugleich als Text, Revision und Supplement zu Jakob Hübner’s Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge, Regensburg, 6: 31; Fig. 523 – 526. TL: Had been originally described as a good species.

·          ochimus Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 (Lycaena). D: Transcaucasus.

·          ocliferius Nekrutenko, 1977 (Heodes). Doklady Akademii Nauk Ukrainskoj SSR, Ser B, Kiev, 1977: 458; ris. 1, 2. TL: “ГрузиньскаРСС, с. Руставi Аспiндьскогор-ну, 1200 м” [Grusia, Rustavi locality in the Aspindsky district, 1200 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of ochimus. D: Small Caucasus.

 

773. solskyi Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Polyommatus). Reise nach Turkestan, Sankt-Petersburg, 2 5 (3) (Lepidoptera): 8; Tab. 1, fig. 7. TL: “Maracanda”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          fulminans Grum-Grshimailo, 1888 (Polyommatus). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 22: 305. TL: “Арам-Кунгей” [Aram-Kungey  river valley in West Transalai] – by the lectotype (Churkin, 2002 b: 177). Had been originally described as a variety of solskyi. D: Tian Shan; Alai.

·          solskyi Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Polyommatus). D: Gissar; Darvaz; North-West Pamir.

 

774. thersamon Esper, [1784] (Papilio). Die Schmetterlinge in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen, Erlangen, 1: 176; Tab. 89, Fig. 6. TL: “Sarepta”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          jiadengyuensis Huang & Murayama, 1992 (Thersamonia). Tyô to Ga, Tokyo, 43: 9; figs. 27, 28. TL: “Jiadengyu, Altai, 1400 m, grassland in forest zone”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of thersamon. D: South Altai.

·          persica Bienert, 1870 (Polyommatus). Lepidopterologische Ergebnisse einer Reisen in Persien in den Jahren 1858 und 1859, Leipzig: 57. TL: North Persia. Had been originally described as a variety of thersamon. D: Kopet Dagh; Gissar; Tian Shan.

·          sajanica Huang & Murayama, 1992 (Thersamonia). Tyô to Ga, Tokyo, 43: 11. TL: “Turan, Sajan Mts., 2000 m, S.W.Irkutsk, USSR”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of thersamon. D: Sayan; Tuva; Praebaikal.

·          thersamon Esper, [1784] (Papilio). D: Middle and southern part of European ex-USSR; Caucasus; Crimea; Kazakhstan; South Ural.

·          ssp? D: Darvaz; West Pamir.

 

775. thetis Klug, 1834 (Papilio). Symbolae Physicae, 1834: Tab. 40, fig. 17, 18. TL: Asia Minor. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          thetis Klug, 1834 (Papilio). D: South Transcaucasus.

 

Subfamily Polyommatinae Swainson, 1827

Tribus Niphandini Eliot, 1973

 

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1874 [1875]: 572. TS: Niphanda tesselata Moore, [1875].

 

776. fusca Bremer & Grey, 1852 (Thecla). Etudes de Entomologie, 6: 60. TL: Peking. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          fusca Bremer & Grey, 1853 (Deudorix). D: South Praebaikal (Temnik river), East and South-East Transbaikal, Amur region, Ussuri region.

Tribus Lampidini Eliot, 1973

 

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmett[er]linge, Augsburg, 5: 70. TS: Papilio boeticus Linné, 1767.

 

777. boeticus Linné, 1767 (Papilio). Systema Naturae… (ed. 12), 1: 789. TL: Algeria. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          boeticus Linné, 1767 (Papilio). D: South of European part; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Ceucasus; Transcaucasus; deserts of Middle Asia; Kopet Dagh; West and North Tian Shan;

 

Lepidoptera of Ceylon, 1: 81. TS: Lycaena balcanica Freyer, 1844.

 

778. balcanicus Freyer, 1844 (Lycaena). Neuere Beiträge zur Schmetterlingskunde mit Abbildungen nach der Natur, Augsburg, 5: 63; Tab. 421, fig. 1, 2. TL: Balkans. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          balcanicus Freyer, 1844 (Lycaena). D: Transcaucasus; Kopet Dagh; Gissar (south); SW Darvaz.

 

Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1900 [1901]: 929. TS: Papilio pirithous Linné, 1767.

 

779. pirithous Linné, 1767 (Papilio). Systema Naturae… (ed. 12), 1: 790. TL: Algeria. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          pirithous Linné, 1767 (Papilio). D: Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

 

Entomologist, London, 33: 1. TS: Papilio cnejus Fabricius, 1798.

 

780. cnejus Fabricius, 1798 (Papilio). Supplementum Entomologia Systematica, Hafniae: 430. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          cnejus Fabricius, 1798 (Papilio). D: Turkmenia: Askhabad vicinity.

 

Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1984 (3): 30. TS: Lycaena galba Lederer, 1855.

 

781. contracta Butler, 1880 (Lampides). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 27: 406; pl. 39, fig. 3. TL: “Candahar” – by the lectotype (Nekrutenko, 1984: 36). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          contracta Butler, 1880 (Lampides). D: Kopet Dagh; South Middle Asiatic deserts; South Gissar.

 

782. galba Lederer, 1855 (Lycaena). Verhandlungen des zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft, Wien, 5: 190; Taf. 1, Fig. 4. TL: “Beirut” – by the lectotype (Nekrutenko, 1984: 31). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          galba Lederer, 1855 (Lycaena). D: Transcaucasus.

·          phiala Grum-Grshimaïlo, 1890 (Lycaena). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 4: 366; pl. 21, fig. 4. TL: “Kabadian Buchara” – by the lectotype (Nekrutenko, 1984: 35). Had been originally described as a good species. D: Kopet Dagh; South Gissar.

 

Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 34: 234. TS: Lycaena trochilus Freyer, 1845.

 

783. trochilus Freyer, 1845 (Lycaena). Neuere Beiträge zur Schmetterlingskunde mit Abbildungen nach der Natur, Augsburg, 5: 98; Taf. 440, Fig. 1. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          trochilus Freyer, 1845 (Lycaena). D: Small Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Kopet Dagh; South Gissar; deserts of southern Middle Asia.

 

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmett[er]linge, Augsburg, 5: 69. TS: Papilio amyntas [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775].

 

784. alcetas Hoffmannsegg, 1804 (Papilio). Magazin für Insektenkunde, 3: 205. TL: Austria. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          alcetas Hoffmannsegg, 1804 (Papilio). D: Middle and south of European part and Siberia; Caucasus; Kazakhstan; Crimea.

 

785. argiades Pallas, 1771 (Papilio). Reisen durch verschieden Provinzen des Russischen Reichs in den Jahren 1768 – 1774, Sankt-Petersburg, 1: 472. TL: South Russia. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          argiades Pallas, 1771 (Papilio). D: Euroepan part; Siberia; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Crimea; Kazakhstan; North Tian Shan.

·          seitzi Wnukowsky, 1928 (Lycaena). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 42: 2. TL: “Asia orientalis: Amuria, Ussuri, Corea, Mandshuria, China, Japonia”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argiades. D: Amur region; Ussuri region; Sakhalin.

 

786. decolor Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 203. TL: Margelan. Had been originally described as a variety of argiades.

·          decolor Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). D: Deserts of Middle Asia.

 

787. decoloratus Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 204. TL: Asia Minor. Had been originally described as a variety of argiades.

·          decoloratus Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). D: South of European part.

Remark. The specific rank by Lorković, 1938.

 

Natural history of British Butterflies, London, 3: 41, 43. TS: Lycaena fischeri Eversmann, 1843.

 

788. fischeri Eversmann, 1843 (Lycaena). Bulletin de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 16: 537. TL: “spassk.” [Spasskoe, Orenburg reg.] – by the lectotype (Lvovsky & Yakovlev, 2003 : 180). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          antropovi Yakovlev, 2003 (Tongeia). Helios, Moscow, 4: 187 – 188; pl. 12, figs. 5 – 8. TL: “Dzhungarian Alatau, 15 – 18 km ТУ Tekeli, Kora River valley, 1600 m above sea level”. Had been originally described as asubspecies of fischeri. D: Dzhungaria.

·          dea Zhdanko, 2000 (Tongeia). Helios, Moscow, 1: 99 - 100. TL: “Russia, Sibiria, Chita reg., Onon R., Tsasuchei loc.”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of fischeri. D: Transbaikal.

·          doroshkini Yakovlev, 2003 (Tongeia). Helios, Moscow, 4: 188 – 189; pl. 12, figs. 9 – 12. TL: “S Tuva, Ubsu-Nur Depression, S bank of Tere-Khol’ Lake”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of fischeri. D: South Tuva.

·          fischeri Eversmann, 1843 (Lycaena). D: South-east of European part; South Ural; South Siberia; Ussuri region; Amur region; South-East Kazakhstan.

·          sachalinensis Matsumura, 1925 (Everes). Journal of the Agriculture College of Hokkaido Imperial University of Sapporo, 15 (3): 105; pl. 8, fig. 18. TL: Sakhalin: “Nyvo”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of fischeri. D: Sakhalin.

 

Fauna Boica, 2: 153, 206. TS: Papilio minimus Fuessly, 1775.

 

789. alaina Staudinger, 1887 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 48: 59. TL: “Südlichen Alai (Transalai)”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          alaina Staudinger, 1887 (Lycaena). D: Alai Mts.; Transalai Mts.; Darvaz.

 

790. buddhista Alphéraky, 1881 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 16: 393; Tab. 14, fig. 9, 10. TL: “Kouldjà”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          buddhista Alphéraky, 1881 (Lycaena). D: Tian Shan; Dzhungaria; East Alai Mts.

·          garmicus Ju.Ju.Stshetkin, 1986 (Cupido). Zoological Journal, Moscow, 65: 1092 – 1093; ris. a, b. TL: “северныйсклонхребтаПетраПервого: урочищеХазор-Чашма, 2100 м” [northern slope of the Peter the Great mountain ridge, Khazor-Chashma valley, 2100 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of buddhista. D: Darvaz; Gissar; Transalai Mts; West and Central Alai Mts.

 

791. happensis Matsumura, 1927 (Lycaena). Insecta Matsumuraska, Sapporo, 1: 169. TL: Happa in Corea. Had been originally described as a good species.

·           happensis Matsumura, 1927 (Lycaena). D: South Ussuri region.

 

792. minimus Fuessly, 1775 (Papilio). Joh. Caspar Fueßlins Verzeichnis der ihm bekannten Schweizerischen Inseckten mit einet ausgemahlten Kupfertafel nebst der Ankündung eines neuen Inseckten Werks, Zürich: 31. TL: Switzerland. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          minimus Fuessly, 1775 (Papilio). D: European part; Siberia; Far East; Kamchatka; Amur region; Ussuri region; Sakhalin; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Kazakhstan; Dzhungaria; Tian Shan; Crimea; Alai.

·          tusovi Lukhtanov in Lukhtanov & Lukhtanov, 1994 (Cupido). Herbipoliana, Marktleuthen, 3: 247; Taf. 56, Fig. 11. TL: “Kasachstan, Saur-Gebirge, Shanaturmys (20 km S Saisan), 1000 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of minimus. D: Saur; Tarbagatai; Monrak.

 

793. osiris Meigen, 1829 (Polyommatus). Systematische Beschreibung der europäischen Schmetterlinge; mit Abbildungen auf Steintafeln, Aachen; Leipzig: 7; Tab. 46, Fig. 3. TL: Europa. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          majuspunctata Verity, 1934 (Cupido). Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation, London, Suppl. 46: 34. TL: Asia Minor c.: Ak-Chehir. Had been originally described as a subspecies of sebrus Boisduval, 1832. D: Talysh plateau.

·          osiris Meigen, 1829. D: European part (without north); South Siberian mountains; Caucasus; Kazakhstan; Tian Shan; Dzhungaria; Alai; Crimea.

 

794. peri Zhdanko, 2000 (Cupido). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 62, figs. 42 – 45. TL: “Tadjikistan, Darvaz, Peter I Mts., Ganishou, 2,100 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          peri Zhdanko, 2000 (Cupido). D: Darvaz.

 

795. prosecusa Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Lycaena). Reise nach Turkestan, Sankt-Petersburg, 2 5 (3) (Lepidoptera): 13; pl. 1, fig. 9. TL: “Turkestan Gegend”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          prosecusa Erschoff in Fedtschenko, 1874 (Lycaena). D: Deserts and half-deserts of Middle Asia; North Tian Shan; Dzhungaria.

 

796. staudingeri Christoph, 1873 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 10: 26; Tab. 1, fig. 5, 6. TL: Astrabad in Persia. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          staudingeri Christoph, 1873 (Lycaena). D: South Transcaucasus; Kopet Dagh.

 

797. tuzovi Zhdanko, 1994 (Cupido). Selevinia, Alma-Ata, 1994 (1): 73. TL: “Восточный Казахстан, 35 км юго-вост. пос. Кендерлык, ур. Айна-Булак” [East Kazakhstan, 35 km SE Kenderlyk, Ajna-Bulak valley]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          tuzovi Zhdanko, 1994 (Cupido). D: TL.

 

Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation, London, 18: 131. TS: Papilio argiolus Linnaeus, 1758.

 

798. argiolus Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 483. TL: England. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          argiolus Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Siberia; Middle Asiatic mountains.

 

799. fedoseevi Korshunov & Ivonin, 1990 (Celastrina). Taksonomija nasekomykh i gelmintov, Novosibirsk: 72, 75; ris. 3 a, b; 4 b. TL: “Амурская обл., окр. г. Зея, хр. Соктахан, лесная просека” [Amur region, vicinity of Zea city, Soktakhan Mts, a way in forest]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          fedoseevi Korshunov & Ivonin, 1990 (Celastrina). D: TL and vicinity of Chita city.

 

800. heringi Kardakoff, 1928 (Celastrina). Entomologische Mitteilungen, Berlin, 17: 272.  TL: “all Ussuri region”. Had been originally described as a generation of argiolus.

·          heringi Kardakoff, 1928 (Celastrina). D: Ussuri region: Sinij Mts, Ussurijskij preservation, Brovnichi and Partizansk vicinity, De-Frisa and Muravjova-Amurskogo peninsules.

 

801. ladonides de l’Orza, 1867 (Lycaena). Lepidoptera of Japan: 20. TL: “Japan”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          sachalinensis Esaki, 1922 (Celastrina). Zoological Magazine, 34: 912. TL: Sakhalin. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Sakhalin; Transbaikal; Far East; Kamchatka; Amur region; Ussuri region.

 

802. sugitanii Matsumura, 1919 (Cyaniris). Insecta Matsumurana, Sapporo, 2: 118. TL: Japan, “Honshu”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            phellodendroni Omelko, 1987 (Celastrina). Cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR. Vladivostok: 116. TL: Ussuriysky reserve. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Ussuri region.

Zoogeografia Dalnego Vostoka SSSR na primere rasprostranenija cheshuekrylykh – Rhopalocera, Novosibirsk: 92, 110. TS: Celastrina filipjevi Riley, 1934.

 

803. filipjevi Riley, 1934 (Lycaenopsis). Entomologist, London, 67: 85. TL: “Ussuri”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          filipjevi Riley, 1934 (Celastrina). D: South Ussuri region: Majkhe river, Gornotajozhnoe, Vladivostok.

 

804. oreas Leech, [1893] (Cyaniris). Butterflies from China, Japan and Corea, 2: 321; pl. 31, figs. 12 - 15. TL: “Ta-chien-lu”, “How-Kow”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          mirificus Sugitani, 1936 (Cyaniris). Zephyrus, Tokyo, 6: 167. TL: Hoeryeong, prov. Hamgyeongbugdo. Had been originally described as a forma of argiolus. D: Ussuri region: 20 km NNE Mnogoudobnoe, 18 km SE Ussurijsk, valley of the Suputinka river (Dubatolov & Sasova, 1998).

 

Annales and Reports of the Peabody Academia of Sciences, 1871 [1872]: 54. TS: Polyommatus lygdamus Doubleday, 1842.

 

805. aeruginosa Staudinger, 1881 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42: 285 – 286. TL: “vom Ala-Tau”. Had been originally described as a variety of cyllarus Rottemburg, 1775.

·          aeruginosa Staudinger, 1881 (Lycaena). D: Middle Asiatic mountains; South Altai; Tarbagatai; Saur; Dzhungaria.

 

806. alexis Poda, 1761 (Papilio). Insecta musei Graecensis, quae in ordines, genera et species juxta Systema Naturae Caroli Linnaei digessit Nikolaus Poda, e Societe Jesu, Philosophiae Doctor et Mateseos Professor, Graecii: 77. TL: Graz. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          alexis Poda, 1761 (Papilio). D: Middle and south of European part and Siberia; Kazakhstan; Crimea; Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

·          kopetdaghensis Dubatolov, in litteris (Tuzov, 1993: 59). D: Kopet Dagh.

 

807. charybdis Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 226. TL: “Umgegend von Margelan und Namangan”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          charybdis Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). D: South and South-West Gissar.

 

808. laetifica Püngeler, 1898 (Lycaena). Societas Entomologica, 13 (8): 57. TL: Ili region. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          laetifica Püngeler, 1898 (Lycaena). D: Dzhungaria; Ili valley.

 

809. lycormas Butler, 1866 (Polyommatus). Journal of the Linnean Society in London, Zoology, 9: 57. TL: “North Japan”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          lederi O.Bang-Haas, 1907 (Lycaena). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 20: 69. TL: “Sajangebirge (Munku)”. Had been originally described as a variety of lycormas. D: South Siberian mountains.

·          scylla Staudinger in Oberthür, 1880 (Lycaena). Etudes d’Entomologie, 5: 22. TL: Radde and Askold islands. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Amur region; Sakhalin.

·          tomariana Matsumura, 1928 (Lycaena). Insecta Matsumurana, Sapporo, 2 (4): 191, 200. TL: Kunashir: Tomari. Had been originally described as a subspecies of lycormas. D: South Kuriles.

 

810. lygdamus Doubleday, 1842 (Lycaena). Entomologist, London, 1842: 209. TL: North American Arctic, Georgia in USA. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          kurnakovi Kurentzov, 1970 (Lycaena). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, Leningrad: 140. TL: “назападныхсклонахОмсукчанскогохребта (системаКолымскихгор),… наКамчатке,… ввосточныхотрогаххребтаЧерского (… верховьярекиСеймчан)” [on the western slope of the Omsukchansky mountain ridge (Kolymskye mountain country), Kamchatka, eastern spurs of the Cherskii mountain ridge (upper course of Seimchan river)]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of lygdamus. D: Far East (north).

 

811. tshatkala Korb, 1997 (Albulina). Lambillionea, Bruxelles, 97: 436; fig. 3. TL: “Uzbekistan, Chatkal Mts., Kumbel range, Beldersaj valley”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          tshatkala Korb, 1997 (Albulina). D: TL.

 

Taksonomija nasekomykh i gelmintov, Novosibirsk: 70. TS: Lycaena argali Elwes, 1899.

 

812. argali Elwes, 1899 (Lycaena). Transactions of the Royal entomological Society of London, 1899: 328 – 329. TL: “Altai” – by the lectotype (Korshunov & Ivonin, 1990: 71). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          argali Elwes, 1899 (Lycaena). D: Altai.

·          arkhar Lukhtanov, 1990 (Glaucopsyche). Vestnik zoologii, Kiev, 1990 (6): 21; ris. 7 (2, 3). TL: “Восточно-Казахстанскаяобл., хр. Саур, 20 кмкюгуотг. Зайсан, 1000 м” [East Kazakhstan, Saur Mts, 20 km S Saisan, 1000 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argali. D: Saur and South-West Altai.

 

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmett[er]linge, Augsburg, 5: 68. TS: Papilio battus [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775].

 

813. orion Pallas, 1771 (Papilio). Reise durch verschieden Provinzen des russischen Reiches in den Jahren 1868 – 1774, Sankt-Petersburg, 1: 471. TL: Volga. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          johanseni Wnukowsky, 1934 (Lycaena). Entomologischer Anzeiger, 14: 111. TL: Altai, Cheposh. Had been originally described as a subspecies of orion. D: South Siberian mountains; Ussuri region; Amur region; Sakhalin; Dzhungaria; eastern part of North Tian Shan.

·          orion Pallas, 1771 (Papilio). D: European part; Siberia; Caucasus; Kazakhstan.

Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologische Gesellschaft, 8 (6): 100. TS: Papilio baton Bergsträsser, 1779.

 

814. bavius Eversmann, 1832 (Lycaena). Nouvelle Mémoires de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 2: 349; pl. 19, fig. 3, 4. TL: “in campis herbidis Baschkiriae”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          bavius Eversmann, 1832 (Lycaena). D: South of European part; Kazakhstan; SW Altai; Central Altai.

·          hungaricus Diószeghy, 1913 (Lycaena). Rovart. Lap., 20: 108. TL: Vice, Bistriza-Neseud district, 21 km S of Beklean, Rumynia. Had been originally described as a subspecies of bavius. D: Crimea.

 

815. jacuticus Korshunov & Viidalepp, 1980 (Pseudophilotes). Sistematika i ekologia zhivotnykh, Novosibirsk: 154 – 156; ris. a. TL: “Якутская АССР, Якутск, остепненный склон на берегу р. Лены” [Yakutia, Kakutsk, steppe slope on the shore of the Lena river]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          jacuticus Korshunov & Viidalepp, 1980 (Pseudophilotes). D: Lena plateau; Stanovoe Nagorje (Tommot loc.); Severjbajkalsk and Irkutsk vicinities.

 

816. marina Zhdanko, 2004 (Paleophilotes). Helios, Moscow, 5: 70 – 73; figs. 1, 4; pls. 3, 4, figs. 24, 25. TL: “East Kazakhstan, 45 km SE Macanchi, Arkaly Mts., 500 m a.s.l.”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            marina Zhdanko, 2004 (Paleophilotes). D: TL.

 

817. panope Eversmann, 1851 (Lycaena). Bulletin de la Société impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou, 24: 619. TL: “Indersk”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          panope Eversmann, 1851 (Lycaena). D: This species only known at this time in its type series.

 

818. vicrama Moore, 1865 (Polyommatus). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1865: 505; pl. 31, fig. 6. TL: Kunawur, NW India. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          cashmirensis Moore, 1874 (Scolitantides). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1874: 272. TL: “Soonamurg, N.E.Cashmere”. Had been originally described as a good species. D: West Pamir; Alai; Darvaz; Gissar; Tian Shan; Kopet Dagh.

·          pallida Stshetkin, 1960 (Philotes). Trudy instituta zoologii i parasitologii Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoj SSR, Dushanbe, 19: 114 – 116; ris. 3. TL: “Вахшскаядолина; Сыр-Дарья – Ай-Дарлы, Джулек, ст. Байгакум; г. Туркестан; Байрам-АливТуркмении” [Vakhsh valley; Syr-Darja – Aj-Darly, Dzhulek, Bajgakum; Turkestan city; Bajram-Ali in Turkmenia]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of vicrama. D: Deserts of southern Middle Asia.

·          schiffermuelleri Hemming, 1929 (Turanana). Entomologist, London, 62: 61; pl. 1, fig. 6, 8; pl. 2, fig. 19 – 22. TL: Altenburg, Austria. Had been originally described as a subspecies of vicrama. D: Centr and south of European part and Siberia; Crimea; Caucasus; Transcaucasus; North Kazakhstan.

Remark. The strange image at Y.P.Korshunov (1998: 32) makes out giving to the taxon  schiffermuelleri  of the specific status: "As the name hylas is unusable because of homonimy, it and is replaced by Hemming... At this it is necessary to note, that as a matter of fact the taxon of Schiffermüller and baton and vicrama is more senior. Therefore schiffermuelleri in the special species first of all is selected and we put it on the first place... Anyway, the difference in details of male genitalic structures on outlines of valvae, for example, between schiffermuelleri and vicrama is not less, than between vicrama and abencerragus, and about baton and to speak it is not necessary". Between that as a matter of fact name of Schiffermüller is the homonym, and oldest suitable name for this purpose "species", as follows from the same note, is clara Christoph, 1887. It is not clear, why then to not use this name? On itself business all is much easier: The thresholds of variability between the taxa vicrama, schiffermuelleri and clara do not fall outside the subspecific limits, and inside populations is observed precise clinal variability of attributes. In general, I want to notice, that very many nomenclature acts in the books of Korshunov (1997, 1998) and Korshunov & Gorbunov (1995) do not correspond to the requirements of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature; the correction of all these mistakes for me is not obviously possible that such work would be on volume not smaller, than present catalogue. I only address attention of dear colleagues to this sad fact by the references to some nomenclature and other mistakes of Y.P.Korshunov.

Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 28: 105. TS: Lycaena anthracias Christoph, 1877.

 

819. anthracias Christoph, 1877 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 12: 239; pl. 5, fig. 12. TL: Krasnovodsk. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          anthracias Christoph, 1877 (Lycaena). D: Deserts of Middle Asia; Kopet Dagh; deserts of Lower Volga region.

 

Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 8 (6): 100. TS: Lycaena barine Leech, 1893.

 

820. divina Fixsen, 1887 (Lycaena). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 286 – 288; Tab. 13, fig. 5. TL: “Pung-Nung” in Corea. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          divina Fixsen, 1887 (Lycaena). D: South Ussuri region: Khasan, Spassk, Khabarovsk.

 

Bulletin de la Société entomologique de Mulhouse, 1999: 10 [nom. nov. pro Otaria Zhdanko, 1984, nec Otaria Blainville, 1820]. TS: Turanana tatjana Zhdanko, 1984.

 

821. tatjana Zhdanko, 1984 (Turanana). Trudy zoologicheskogo instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 122: 103; ris. 7, 8.  TL “Юго-Восточный Казахстан, Заилийский Алатау, 11 км южнее с. Отар (170 км западнее Алма-Аты” [SE Kazakhstan, Transili Alatau Mts., 11 km S Otar (170 km W Alma-Ata)]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          tatjana Zhdanko, 1984 (Turanana). D: Transili Alatau Mts; South Altai; Dzhungaria; central part of Kirghiz Mts. (Korb, 1999 b).

 

Annales of the Magazin of natural History, London, 17: 379. TS: Lycaena cytis Christoph, 1877 (Tshikolovets, 1997: 23).

 

822. alaica Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 206 - 207. TL: “Alai (bei Margelan)”. Had been originally described as a  variety of cytis.

·          alaica Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). D: Alai.

 

823. anisophtalma Kollar in Kollar & Redtenbacher, [1849] (Lycaena). Ueber den Charakter der Insekten-Fauna von Südpersien, Vienna: 11. TL: South Persia. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          anisophtalma Kollar in Kollar & Redtenbacher, [1849] (Lycaena).  D: Kopet Dagh.

 

824. cytis Christoph, 1877 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 12: 234. TL: “Schahkuh”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          cytis Christoph, 1877 (Lycaena). D: Kopet Dagh.

·          tuzovi Tshukolovets, 1994 (Turanana). Journal of the Ukrainian entomological Society, Kiev, 1 (2): 11 – 12; ris. c, d. TL: “Узбекистан, сев. склоныТуркестанскогохребта, верховьяр. Жум-Жум, 2800 м” [Uzbekistan, northern slopes of Turkestansky Mts., upper course of Zhum-Zhum river, 2800 m]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of cytis. D: Gissar; Alai; Tian Shan; Darvaz.

 

825. dushak Dubatolov, 1989 (Turanana). Trudy zoologicheskogo instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 200: 136; ris. 1. TL: “Туркмения, Центральный Копетдаг, 15 км З Фирюзы, гора Душак, 2100 м” [Turkmenia, Central Kopet Dagh, 15 km W Firuza, Dushak Mt., 2100 m]. Had been originally described as a  good species.

·          dushak Dubatolov, 1989 (Turanana). D: Kopet Dagh; South Transcaucasus.

 

826. endymion Freyer, 1852 (Lycaena). Neuere Beiträge zur Schmetterlingsgeschichte, Augsburg, 6: 148; Fig. 573 – 574. TL: Amasia in Turkey. Had been originally described as a good species.

·            endymion Freyer 1852 (Lycaena). D: South Transcaucasus.

 

827. jurileontyi Stshetkin, 1986 (Turanana). Senckenberg Biologer, 661 (4 – 6): 251 – 254. TL: Southern slopes of Turkestanskij Mts., 2400 – 2800 m. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          jurileontyi Stshetkin, 1986 (Turanana). D: Gissar; Darvaz.

 

828. kotzschiorum Tshikolovets, [1997] (Turanana). Journal of the Ukrainian entomological Society, Kiev, 2 (3\4): 44 – 45; figs. 3, 4. TL: “Tajikistan, Badakhshan, Ishkashimsky Mts., Bodom-Dara, 3500 m”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          kotzschiorum Tshikolovets, 1997 (Turanana). D: SW Pamir.

 

829. kugitangi Zhdanko, 1984 (Turanana). Trudy zoologicheskogo instituta Akademii Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 122: 104 – 105; ris. 4. TL: “верх. зап. склона хр. Кугитангтау, вост. ТуркССР” [upper part of the western slope of Kugitangtau Mts., East Turkmenia]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          kugitangi Zhdanko, 1984 (Turanana). D: Kugitangtau Mts.

 

830. laspura Evans, 1932 (Polyommatus). The identification of Indian butterflies. Second edition revised. Madras: 227; pl. 27, fig. 22.8 (non 23.7). TL: “Chitral”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of cytis.

·          laspura Evans, 1932 (Polyommatus). D: Pamir (without northern part).

 

831. panaegides Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). Stettiner entomologische Zeitschrift, 47: 206. TL: “Samarkand”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          panaegides Staudinger, 1886 (Lycaena). D: Gissar.

·          tshatkalica Stshetkin, 1984 (Turanana). Doklady Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoj SSR, Dushanbe, 27: 291. TL: Chimgan in the Chatkalsky mountain ridge. Had been originally described as a subspecies of  panaegides. D: West Tian Shan; Inner Tian Shan.

 

Entomological Record and Journal of Variation, London, 26: 162. TS: Papilio iolas Ochsenheimer, 1816.

 

832. andreasi Sheljuzhko, 1919 (Iolana). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 33: 129. TL: Kopet Dagh. Had been originally described as a subspecies of iolas.

·          andreasi Sheljuzhko, 1919 (Iolana). D: Kopet Dagh.

 

833. gigantea Grum-Grshimailo, 1885 (Lycaena). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 2: 215. TL: “Kara-Kokty, Utsch-Kurgan”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          gigantea Grum-Grshimailo, 1885 (Lycaena). D: Alai; Gissar; Darvaz; West Pamir.

 

834. iolas Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Papilio). Die Schmetterlinge von Europa, Leipzig, 4: 144. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          iolas Ochsenheimer, 1816 (Papilio). D: Transcaucasus.

Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 1: 28. TS: Papilio alcon [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775].

 

835. alcon [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775] (Papilio). Ankündung eines systematischen Werkes von den Schmetterlingen der Wienergegend, Wien: 182. TL: Vienna. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          alcon [Denis & Schiffermüller], [1775] (Papilio). D: Southern part of European ex-USSR; Kazakhstan.

·          alconides Korb, 1997 (Maculinea). Alexanor, Paris, 20: 63; fig. 1 – 4. TL: “monts Alexandre, vallée du Chon-Kuurchak”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of alcon. D: North Tian Shan.

·          cordidula Jachontov, 1908 (Lycaena). Revue Russe d’Entomologie, Moscow, 9: 290. TL: Teberda. Had been originally described as a variety of alcon. D: West Caucasus.

·          jenisseiensis Sheljuzhko, 1928 (Lycaena). Lepidopterologische Rundschau, 2: 46; Fig. 5. TL: “Jenissei”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of alcon. D: Central and South Siberia; Ural (middle and southern part).

·          monticula Staudinger, 1901 (Lycaena). Catalog der Lepidopteren des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Berlin (Aufl. 1): 34. TL: Talysh. Had been originally described as a variety of alcon. D: Small Caucasus; Transcaucasus.

·          sevastos Rebel & Zerny, 1931 (Maculinea). [= cevastos Korb, 1997 c: 62, syn.n. – unjustified emendation, junior objective synonym). TL: “New Monteneg, Zljeb” – by the lectotype (Bálint, 1994: 73). Had been originally described as a subspecies of alcon. D: Carpathians.

·          xerophyla Berger, 1946 (Maculinea). Lambillionea, Bruxelles, 46: 212. TL: Croatia. Had been originally described as a good species. D: South of European part.

 

836. arion Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 483. TL: Nürnberg. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          arion Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: European part  (without north and south).

·          obscura Christoph, 1878 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossiae, Sankt-Petersburg, 12: 122. TL: Daghestan. Had been originally described as a variety of arion. D: Caucasus; Transcaucasus; southern border of European part.

·          rueli Krulikowsky, 1892 (Lycaena). Societas Entomologica, 7: 1 [= ruehli Korb, 1997 c: 62, syn.n. – unjustified emendation, junior objective synonym). TL: “Russie orientale (Kasan, gouv. de Wiatka)”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of arion. D: Southern part of European part; South Ural; Southern part of West Siberia; West and North Altai; North Kazakhstan.

 

837. arionides Staudinger, 1887 (Lycaena). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 141; pl. 7, fig. 1. TL: “bei Wladiwostok… von Ussuri”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          arionides Staudinger, 1887 (Lycaena). D: Ussuri region.

 

838. cyanecula Eversmann, 1848 (Lycaena). Bulletin de la Société impériale de Moscou, 21: 207. TL: “Kiachta im östlichen Sibirien”. Had been originally described as a good species.

Remark. “Das Taxon cyanecula ist wahrscheinlich eine eigene Art, die im Altai parapatrisch mit M. arion vorkommt” (Lukhtanov & Lukhtanov, 1994: 258). The specific rank established in the paper of S.Korb (1997 c: 62).

·          cyanecula Eversmann, 1848 (Lycaena). D: South Siberian mountains.

·          ussuriensis Sheljuzhko, 1928 (Lycaena). Lepidopterologische Rundschau, 2: 62. TL: “Novo-Kijevsk”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of arion. D: Amur region; Ussuri region.

·          ssp? D: North Tian Shan.

 

839. kondakovi Kurentzov, 1970 (Lycaena). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, Leningrad: 120, 142. TL: “на лесных лугах в районе р. Супутинки… в горных лесах верхнего течения р. Сучана” [in the forest meadows of the upper course of the Suputinka river, in the mountainous forests of the upper course of the Suchan river]. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          kondakovi Kurentzov, 1970 (Lycaena). D: Ussuri region.

 

840. kurentzovi Sibatani, Saigusa & Hirowatari, 1994 (Maculinea). Tyô to Ga, Tokyo, 44: 196; figs. 9, 10, 18, 19, 20 – 24, 40, 43, 44, 48. TL: Handaeri, prov. Yangando, Corea. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          daurica Dubatolov, 1999 (Maculinea). Nasekomye Daurii i sopredel’nykh territorij, Novosibirsk, 2: 180, figs. TL: Mongolia, East Aimak, 25 – 28 km S of station Erentsav. Had been originally described as a subspecies of kurentzovi. D: SE Transbaikalia.

·          kurentzovi Sibatani, Saigusa & Hirowatari, 1994 (Maculinea). D: South Ussuri region.

 

841. nausithous Bergsträsser, 1779 (Papilio). Nomenclatur und Beschreibung der Insecten in der Grafschaft Hanau-Münzenberg wie auch der Wetterau und den angränzenden Nachbarschaft dies und jenseits des Mains, Hanau, 2: 70; pl. 43, fig. 1 – 3. TL: Hanau-Münzenberg. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          kijevensis Sheljuzhko, 1928 (Lycaena). Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 19: 330. TL: Kiev vicinity in Ukraina. Had been originally described as a subspecies of arcas Rottemburg, 1775. D: East European part.

·          nausithous Bergsträsser, 1779 (Papilio). D: Central European part; southern part of West Siberia.

 

842. ogumae Matsumura, 1910 (Lycaena). Entomologische Zeitschrift, Stuttgart, 13: 221. TL: Sakhalin: “Solowiyofka”. Had been originally described as a variety of euphemus.

·          doii Matsumura, 1928 (Lycaena). Insecta Matsumurana, Sapporo, 2 (4): 191, 199. TL: Kunashir. Had been originally described as a subspecies of euphemus. D: South Kuril islands.

·          ogumae Matsumura, 1910 (Lycaena). D: Sakhalin.

 

843. rebeli Hirschke, 1904 (Lycaena). Jahrbuch des Wiener entomologischen Vereins, Wien, 25: 110 – 111. TL: “Steyermark”, “Hochschwab, 1700 m” – by the lectotype (Bálint, 1994: 73). Had been originally described as a subspecies of alcon.

·          imitator Tuzov, 2000 (Maculinea). A guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories, Sofia, 2: pl. 66, figs. 31 – 33. TL: “Kazakhstan, Dzhungarsky Alatau, Burkhansarytau Mts., 2,400 m”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of rebeli. D: Dzhungarian Alatau Mts.

·          rebeli Hirschke, 1904 (Lycaena). D: South of European part; Caucasus; Transcaucasus (without south).

·          veles Korb, 2000 (Maculinea). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de Mulhouse, 2000: 47. TL: “Knjaginino, N.Novgorod reg., Russie”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of rebeli. D: Central part of European Russia.

 

844. teleius Bergsträsser, 1779 (Papilio). Nomenclatur und Beschreibung der Insecten in der Grafschaft Hanau-Münzenberg wie auch der Wetterau und den angränzenden Nachbarschaft dies und jenseits des Mains, Hanau, 2: 71; pl. 43, fig. 5, 6. TL: Hanau. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          euphemia Staudinger, 1887 (Lycaena). Mémoires sur les Lépidoptères, Saint-Pétersbourg, 3: 142. TL: “von Raddefka, Ussuri, Askold und von Sidemi”. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Amur region; Ussuri region.

·          obscurata Staudinger, 1892 (Lycaena). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 5: 320. TL: “Kentei-Gebirge”. Had been originally described as a variety of euphemus Hübner, [1800]. D: Siberia (without northern and middle parts).

 

Tribus Polyommatini Swainson, 1827

 

The systematics of the tribus Polyommatini now varies by revolutionary rates. On the one hand, it is caused by development of methods of research, and on the other hand – attraction to researches of new methods. Lately western experts, being based extremely on  a phylogenetic method of Hennig  and using such attributes, as kariology, food plants of larvaes, communication of blues with ants and actively develop some other, theory about monophylitic origin  of the majority taxa of generic group in this tribus. Between that it is important to take into account, that phylogenetic system of Willy Hennig not there is a universal systematic method, it is good first of all as an exact mathematical method of research, but should not be used as absolute systematic true (look volume 244 of Proceedings of zoological institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences "Principles and methods of the zoological systematics" – St.Petersburg, 1994). Many names of generic group in tribus are reduced in synonyms to Plebeius or Polyommatus completely not correct. Below I shall try to prove the status everyone taxon of generic group of Polyommatini being based first of all on attributes of external morphology and male genitalia.

As wrote Y.P.Nekrutenko & V.V.Tshikolovets (1995), the attributes of genitalia in a genus Polyommatus practically do not work as good determining symptom. It means, on the other hand, that if the genitalia of different species inside genera of Polyommatus auctorum modernorum strongly differ, means it is possible to assume generic independently of these taxa. It is not necessary to overlook also, that the tribus Polyommatini is one of youngest in family, therefore external attributes could not be fixed yet with sufficient clearness, but the tendency of such fastenings was already issued. Here it is possible to speak as a minimum about the subgeneric status.

In the tribus  Polyommatini in Palaearctic faunal area the following taxa of generic group (excepting synonyms, homonyms and names not meeting the requirements suitability) enter: Xinjiangia Huang and Murayama, 1988, Vacciniina Tutt, 1909, Farsia Zhdanko, 1992, Kretania Beuret, 1959, Glabroculus Lvovsky, 1993, Plebejidea Koçak, 1983, Alpherakya Zhdanko, 1994, Rimisia Zhdanko, 1994, Polyommatus Latreille, 1804, Lysandra Hemming, 1933, Neolysandra Koçak, 1977, Sublysandra Koçak, 1977, Meleageria de Sagarra, 1925, Plebicula Higgins, 1969, Aricia R.[eichenbach] L.[eipzig], 1917, Umpria Zhdanko, 1994, Pseudoaricia Beuret, 1959, Ultraaricia Beuret, 1959, Agriades Hübner, 1819, Albulina Tutt, 1909, Pamiria Zhdanko, 1994, Eumedonia Forster, 1938, Cyaniris Dalman, 1816, Lycaeides Hübner, [1819], Bryna Evans, 1912, Plebeius Kluk, 1802, Plebejides Sauter, 1968, Agrodiaetus Hübner, [1822], Paragrodiaetus Rose & Schurian, 1977. All can conditionally be ranked these taxa as two large communities – close to Plebeius (Plebeius, Plebejidea, Lycaeides, Vacciniina, Farsia, Plebejidea, Glabroculus and Kretania)[1], absence of the marginal pattern from below of wings and white spots from below of wings. A genus is monotypic) and close to Polyommatus (all other taxa).

The taxa close to Plebeius.

Plebeius. Type species: Papilio argus Linnaeus, 1758. Length of  forewing 12 – 16 mm. Wings of male from above light-blue, with a wide dark marginal border, on a hindwing there is a row of dark submarginal spots. Female from above brown, with more or less advanced orange submarginal spots. Wings from below with well advanced light-blue suffusion at a root, through both wings passes orange belt. Marginal spots from below of hindwing black, is closer to tornus of a stain centred with light-blue brilliant scales. All black stain from below of wings with white encircled.  (fig. 20). Genitalia (figs. 22, 24, 25). The blades of uncus from the basis to top have identical thickness, by tops are directed laterally.  Costal branch of valva with a crest is strong sclerotized cogs. Juxta with long cog at the centre. Aedeagus is narrowed to top.

Plebejides. Type species: Lycaena lycidas Trapp, 1863 [Plebejides trappi (Verity, 1927)] (Bálint et al., 1992: 865). Length of forewing 13 – 20 mm. Male from above violet (up to light-blue), female – dark-brown, with orange submarginal lunules. A bottom grey (up to whitish), antemarginal and marginal patterns bright, are well expressed both on forwewing, and on a hindwing. Submarginal spots bright, well outstanding, are outlined white. Basal spots are always (fig. 27). Genitalia (figs.). Are close to genitalia of  Plebeius, but juxta without middle cog, internal surface of valva with longitudinal sclerotyzed lobe, armed on to a crest by the sclerotyzed cogs. Aedeagus dinn at the basis, is narrowed to top. The variability  in a structure  of genitalia is observed only in the form and structure of sclerotyzed formations on internal lobe of valva (figs. 28 - 32).

Lycaeides. Type species: Papilio argyrognomon Bergsträsser, 1779. Length of forewing 10 – 17 mm. Male from above light-blue, female brown (up to brown-black) with red-orange submarginal spots. From below wings grey (up to almost white), hindwing with orange marginal border. Marginal black spots centred by the violet scales  (fig. 21). Genitalia (figs. 23, 26). The blades of uncus thick, are narrowed to directed medially cog-shaped to top. Juxta without cog between blades. Эдеагус is narrowed to top.

Kretania. Type species: Lycaena eurypilus Freyer, 1852. The butterfly fine (length of a forewing 13,5 – 15,5 mm). From above wings brown, frequently with orange submarginal spots. From below wings from brownish-grey up to grey or brownish. Marginal pattern is submitted with black lunules, in two or three of them on a back wing settle down brilliant violet scales. Antemarginal lunules black, the space between antemarginal and marginal lunules is filled red or orange. Discal spots are well expressed, black. Postdiscal spots large, black. Basal spots among three – four are available only on a hindwing (fig. 33). Genitalia (figs. 34 - 37). Tegumen narrow, lengthened, uncus small, the branches of gnathos are well advanced. Aedeagus by a straight line, short, vesica without cornuti. Valva long.

Plebejidea. Type species: Lycaena loewii Zeller, 1847. Length of a forwewing 10 – 13 mm. From above male light-blue, with rather narrow grey external edge on a forewing and row of antemarginal grey spots on back. From below wings yellowish. A forewing with black discal and submarginal spots and grey marginal pattern. A hindwing with black discal, basal and submarginal spots; marginal pattern consists from grey spots and lunules. A stain close to tornus, centred with light-blue, between them and lunules is the red-orange colour (fig. 38). Genitalia are completely identical to genitalia of  Vacciniina.

Vacciniina. Type species: Papilio optilete Knoch, 1781. Length of a forewing 9 – 14 mm. From above wings of male violet, female brown. A bottom of wings from almost white up to dark grey. A forewing with grey antemarginal pattern, black discal and submarginal spots. A hindwing with black discal, basal and submarginal spots. Antemarginal pattern on a hindwing consists of black or dark grey pairs spots (two or three anal spots with the light-blue centres), between two – three pairs in anal corner of a wing are present an orange field (figs. 40, 43, 46). Genitalia (fig. 44). Uncus by a straight line, branches of gnathos are well visible by consideration sideways. Aedeagus extends to top, small. Valva long-rectangular, with powerful cogs on caudal cog.

Farsia. Type species: Lycaena hyrcana Lederer, 1869. Length of a forewing 10 – 12 mm. The wings of males from above can be both violet, and brown; female from above brown; a forewing always with discal spots. From below wings of different shades of grey colour, with black discal, basal and submarginal spots, and stain of the submarginal row are located S-figuratively. In anal area of a hindwing there are two – three spots with violet scales and orange spots (fig. 45). Genitalia (fig. 47). Branches of gnathos short. Uncus by a straight line, thin, it is usual with the inverted inside hook. Aedeagus short, cylindrical. Valva lengthened, thin, top of the caudal cog is strong sclerotyzed and has not less than 9 cogs.

Glabroculus. Type species: Lycaena cyane Eversmann, 1837. Forewing length 12 – 14 mm. Wing colour sexually dimorphic. Male upperside pale violet-blue; terminal line or stripe black; cilia white, or terminally white and basally greyish fuscous. Male underside whitish with black spots; hindwing with 6 – 7 orange submarginal spots; three black marginal spots near tornus with greenish blue metallic scales. Female upperside brown with 2 – 3 orange submarginal spots on hindwing and with cilia as in male. Forewing of both sexes often with whitish submarginal stripe. Female underside almost the same as in male (figs. 39, 41). Genitalia (fig. 42). Uncus divided into 2 sclerotized lobes. Gnathos situated at their bases, in form of 2 sclerotized hooks. Valva with deep, long longitudinal fold dividing it into inner membranous and outer sclerotized parts; the latter with sclerotized apical projection. Juxta with 2 long, narroe branches. Aedeagus straight and relatively short.

As it is visible from the above mentioned descriptions, inside group generic taxa, close to Plebeius, two types are allocated: with thined to top rather long aedeagus (Plebejides, Plebeius, Lycaeides) and with cylindrical aedeagus (Kretania, Glabroculus, Vacciniina, Plebejidea and Farsia). The status of taxon Plebeius by all modern and old authors is accepted as generic, therefore here is not discussed. Lycaeides differs from Plebeius only by structure of juxta and of uncial structures, therefore here is considered as subgenus of  Plebeius. Taxon Plebejides combines in itself attributes as Plebeius (wing pattern, structure of aedeagus), and Vacciniina (antemarginal pattern from below of hindwing, the structure of valva) and represents, probably, transitive part from Plebeius to Vacciniina (that Vacciniina – good genus, look below). It differs from Vacciniina by some features of pattern of wings, but first of all – that it aedeagus is pointed to top, and also by  that valva of Plebejides is deprived caudal sclerotyzed  formations. Sclerotyzed lobe on the internal part of valva is weak differenced, always of complex form and with a plenty cogs, that also speaks about relative primitiveness it taxon. On the basis of all above-stated in this work the status Plebejides is accepted as generic.

The taxon, close to Vacciniina, differ from Plebeius and Plebejides first of all by structure of aedeagus (it by a straight line, short, cylindrical) and valvae (valva of other form, always with caudal sclerotyzed formations; internal sclerotyzed the blade of valva thin, with weak sclerotyzation, practically is always deprived additional sclerotyzed formations. On this basis the group should be submitted as a good genus, the oldest suitable name for which is Vacciniina. Is closest to Vacciniina  the taxon Farsia. Its differences from Vacciniina are reduced to the following: top of the distal end of valva of other form, with not less than nine long and thin lobes; the form of valva long-oval (at Vacciniina valva long-rectangular). It is quite enough of these attributes for giving to Farsia the subgeneric status; as the good genus it was not generated yet, but obviously its direction to adaptation to high-mountainous conditions of Central Asia was planned. Following close to Vacciniina taxon – Kretania – differs from Vacciniina first of all in length of aedeagus (at Kretania it very short, it is more than twice shorter, than at Vacciniina) and valva with powerful and long caudal thorn. Internal sclerotyzed lobe on valva of Kretania is organized completely for other type. On the basis of these differences the taxon Kretania listed here as a good genus. Genitalia and pattern of wings of Glabroculus have the minimal differences from those at Vacciniina, however this taxon  cannot be mixed with Vacciniina, as the differences nevertheless are available. It first of all spotting of a forewing from below, and also precise dimorphicity of males and females (at Vacciniina this attribute has not settled yet). In the present catalogue the taxon Glabroculus is accepted as subgenus of  Vacciniina.

Taxa close to Polyommatus.

Polyommatus. Type species: Papilio icarus Rottemburg, 1775. Length of a forewing 13 – 20 mm. Wings from above from light blue up to violet (male) or from grey up to almost black (female). The bottom surface of wings of various shades of grey colour; a forewing with a spot in  discal cell and with a discal spot, postdiscal spot form a complete row, spots of a submarginal row blurred. A hindwing from below with a complete row of orange submarginal lunules, white stroke, poorly contrasting with a background, and from a various shade greenish or violet dusting at a root (fig. 50). Genitalia (figs. 51, 52). The blades of a uncus massive, with swellings in middle part, their top are pointed, are directed medially. The branches of  gnathos do not exceed half of length of blades of a uncus, are strongly sclerotized. A valva lengthened, without sclerotized formations, costal and caudal branches without cogs. Aedeagus in dorsoventral projection of a straight line, cylindrical, with poor visible thickening in ostial area, in a lateral projection with excesses in ostial and basal quarters.

Xinjiangia. Type species: Lycaena luana Evans, 1912. Here is not examined, as I do not have material on this species.

Rimisia. Type species: Lycaena miris Staudinger, 1881. From closest  Polyommatus differs by naked eyes,  very large submarginal spots on underside of a forewing, structure of a gnathos, uncus, valva, aedeagus, by the strongly reduced antevaginal plate of other form, presence of signums in a bursa.

Alpherakya. Type species: Lycaena sarta Alphéraky, 1881. From closest  Polyommatus differs by the seldom located hairs on eyes, absence on the upperside of forewing in a discal cell of black spots, presence of brilliant scales on the underside  of hindwing in anal area, structure of a valva, aedeagus, form of a gnathos, uncus, tegumen, antevaginal plate, structure of a postvaginal plate. The species of this genus lives only on plants from family Crassulaceae.

Agrodiaetus. Type species: Papilio damon [Denis and Schiffermüller], [1775]. Small and average size the butterfly. Wings from above brown or light-blue (up to dark blue). From below wings from almost grey up to almost black colour, pattern from black spots is expressed practically always. Marginal pattern can be expressed or is not expressed, as well as white stroke from below of hindwing (figs. 55 – 60). Genitalia (figs. 61 – 67). A tegumen lengthened, uncus pointed. The branches of a gnathos by consideration are not sideways visible. The aedeagus is usually inflated proximally. A valva long, narrow, with costal and caudal branches. The variability in a structure  of genitalia is not expressed.

Paragrodiaetus. Type species: Lycaena glaucias Lederer, 1871. The small butterflies, length of a forewing from 11,0 up to 15,5 mm. Wings of the males from above from silver-light-blue up to blackish-light-blue, females are brown; for some species on a hindwing are available of a submarginal orange spots. From below wings of various shades of grey colour, with complete row of postdiscal spots and marginal pattern. Basal spots of a hindwing, as a rule, also are well expressed. The discal spot of a forewing large, hindwing is is significant fineer. At all species is expressed discoidal spot from below of forewing. The white stroke from below of hindwing can be as well expressed, and to be absent (figs. 68, 69). Genitalia (figs. 70 – 75). A tegumen lengthened, uncus pointed. The branches of a gnathos short, by consideration are not sideways visible. An aedeagus with strong proximal swelling. A juxta two-branchy. A valva long, narrow, with costal and caudal sclerotized structures. Variability in a structure  of genitalia is weak.

Lysandra. Type species: Papilio coridon Poda, 1761. Length of a forewing 14 – 23 mm. At the male wings from above of various shades of silver-light-blue colour, brilliant, with blackout on external border; on a hindwing on marginal border a row of  marginal spots is located. The bottom surface of a forewing of various shades of grey colour, with a black spot in the central cell and with a discal spot, with a complete row of postdiscal spots. A hindwing with complete basal and postdiscal rows of  black spots and bright white stroke, limited outside submarginal row of  orange spots (fig. 54). Genitalia (fig. 53). The blades of a uncus lengthened, branch of a gnathos rather short, are twice shorter than blades, by tops are directed caudally. A valva lengthened, without sclerotized formations on an internal surface. An aedeagus in a lateral projection slightly bent, smoothly narrowed to top, in dorsoventral projection cylindrical, with an appreciable swelling at top.

Neolysandra. Type species: Lycaena coelestina Eversmann, 1843. Length of a forewing 12 – 15 mm. Wings as males, and as females from above light-blue with strong violet or greenish outflow, external border their dark, wide. Veins black usually up to second third of wing. A bottom of wings of different shades of grey, with an extensive zone of bluish-green basal suffusion. A discal spots are expressed poorly. There is a postdiscal row of  black spots (fig. 76). Genitalia (fig. 78). A uncus as the wide blade, the branches of a gnathos by consideration are not sideways visible. A tegumen wide, wrong form. An aedeagus of a straight line, cylindrical, short. A valva lengthened, without sclerotized formations.

Sublysandra. Type species: Lycaena candalus Herrich-Schäffer, 1851. Length of a forewing 13 – 15 mm. Wings of the male from above light-blue, with a thin black regional strip. Female from above brown, in basal part with bluish scales and with antemarginal pattern as black spots both lunules and orange field between them. A bottom of wings grey, with typical for Polyommatus by pattern. Genitalia. Typical for Polyommatus of a structure.

Meleageria. Type species: Papilio meleager Esper, [1777]. Length of a forewing 15 – 20 mm. A hindwing with appreciable cogs at anal edge. Wings from above light-blue,  with narrow blackout on marginal border (male) or brown, with precisely expressed discal spots and longitudinal in relation to veins by white strips; a submarginal spots form a complete row (female). The bottom surface grey, back wing a little bit by those forward, with an appreciable brown shade; on a forewing differ a discal spot, about a row of black postdiscal spots and dim spots of a submarginal row. A hindwing with precise both postdiscal and pale discal and submarginal spots (fig. 83). Genitalia (fig. 80). Typical of a genus Polyommatus.

Bryna. Type species: Lycaena stoliczkana Felder and Felder, [1865]. Pattern of a bottom of wings is absolutely identical with pattern of Polyommatus. Wings from above a little lighter. Genitalia (fig. 77). Practically are identical with genitalia of Polyommatus, but there are two important differences: the aedeagus of Bryna is much shorter also than straight line, the uncus of Bryna is much shorter and wider.

Plebicula. Type species: Papilio dorylas [Denis and Schiffermüller], [1775]. The butterflies of average size (from 15 up to 20 mm length of a forewing). From above of various shades of light-blue colour, frequently – with silvery outflow. A bottom of wings contrast, bright, but elements of a wing pattern as in Polyommatus. Genitalia (fig. 82). Typical for Polyommatus of a structure, but aedeagus short, straight line, vesica small.

Aricia. Type species: Papilio agestis [Denis and Schiffermüller], [1775]. Length of a forewing 12 – 14 mm. Wings from above brown, dark, with a complete row of orange marginal lunules; on a forewing the narrow black discal spot is well appreciable. The androconial structures are not expressed. The bottom surface of wings a brown or grey, central cell of a forewing does not contain a black spot. Through the bottom surface of wings passes marginal belt from more or less detached orange spots, hindwing with an extending outside white stroke. Two top stains of a postdiscal row are torn off from others spots, forming compact group in a costal part of a wing (fig. 86). Genitalia (fig. 88). Blades of a uncus with characteristic cog on dorsomedial surface. Branches of a gnathos narrow, short. A valva lengthened, its medial lobe sculpturized with rare sclerotized chetes, costal and caudal branches without cogs. The aedeagus is a little bit shorter than a valva, is gradually narrowed to top, slightly bend.

Cyaniris. Type species: Cyaniris argianus Dalman, 1816. Length of a forewing 13 – 16 mm. Wings from above is violet – light-blue, dim, with dim blackout on marginal border and slightly blacked out veins. The bottom surface of wings grey, with light-blue or greenish basal dusting; forewing without a black spot in the central cell, discal spot and located on an arch of a spots of  postdiscal row are surrounded white; submarginal pattern is hardly swept up. The wings of the male can be and brown from above; female brown always (fig. 90). Genitalia (fig. 81). Blades of a uncus at top slightly lobed. The branches of a gnathos are directed by tops dorsally. Medial lobe of a valva with set contiguous to each other sclerotized cogs. The aedeagus is shorter than half of length of a valva, cylindrical, vesica with numerous chetes.

Eumedonia. Type species: Papilio eumedon Esper, [1780]. Length of a forewing 14 – 16 mm. Wings from above dark, is brown, without light spots, on a forewing is present poor visible dark discal spot. The bottom surface grey (up to brown), hindwing with light-blue suffusion in basal and anal parts, with a narrow rectilinear white stroke beginning from a discal spot. From the bottom surface through both wings passes ochreous-orange marginal belt, formed more or less detached spots;  postdiscal spots of a forewing form an almost rectilinear row, only forward spot of this row located at a costal row, is moved in the basal part (fig. 89). Genitalia (fig. 79). The blades of a uncus not long, branch of a gnathos thin, are directed by tops dorsocaudally. Dorsal edge of vinculum very convex. A valva lengthened, without sclerotized formations on an internal surface. The aedeagus is shorter than a valva, smoothly is narrowed to the pointed top.

Umpria. Type species: Lycaena chinensis Murrey, 1874. Is closest to Aricia. The wing pattern in details repeats pattern of Aricia, but a postdiscal row of spots is not broken off, and than a stain is much more extensive (fig. 85). Besides differs by naked eyes. Antennae consist 10 – 11 segments. A genitalia in details repeat a genitalia of Aricia.

Pseudoaricia. Type species: Lycaena hyacinthus Herrich-Schäffer, 1847. Forewing length 13 – 15 mm. Upperside of wings dark-grey with dark blue-green scales in basal area and half of discoidal area, with a gradual, smooth transition to the black-grey postdiscal and of submarginal area (male) or brown (up to black) (female). The blue-green scales look rather dark due to the heavily black veins. A long, narrow discoidal streak on upperside of forewing. Tiny black dots, hardly discernable, are present in the dark submarginal area of the hindwing. Underside grey. Basal spotting of forewing lacking. Discoidal streak long, prominent and, as in the other spots, with a white ring. Postdiscal row of spots tall, rounded. Submarginal lunules weakly united with orange band. Hindwing with spots smaller than on forewing. The white streak in postdiscal area prominent. Marginal chevrons sharply pointed with a deep orange-yellow tint. Green basal scales present (figs. 92, 93, 96, 97). Genitalia (fig. 95). A valva lengthened, without sclerotized formations on an internal surface. An aedeagus short, thin, with a thickening in an average part. A uncus thin. A tegumen wide.

Ultraaricia. Type species: Lycaena nicias Meigen, 1829. Length of a forewing 12 – 14 mm. Wings from above light-blue, marginal border wide, black, veins suffused with black scales. Sexual dimorphism is expressed poorly. Wings from below with typical for Aricia pattern, but elements of pattern fineer, less precise (fig. 84). Genitalia (fig. 87). A valva long-rectangular. The aedeagus of a straight line, cylindrical, with two thorns in an average part, is narrowed to top, valvaes twice are shorter. A tegumen almost trapezoid, uncus of a straight line, triangular, without additional formations.

Pamiria. Type species: Lycaena chrysopis Grum-Grshimailo, 1888. Length of a forewing 12 – 15 mm. The wings of the male from above are painted in light-blue or violet tone. Female from above brown, quite often has of an orange marginal spots. From below wings grey with a row of black postdiscal spots and one spot at top of a discal cell. The hindwing from below as a rule is completely covered brilliant scales of green colour. On this background are visible of a spots of a postdiscal row, which quite often are reduced, and also there is a white discal spot (fig. 49). Genitalia (fig. 99). A tegumen not massive. A juxta as two long, narrow branches. The top surface of a uncus with  a ledge. Its branches lobed. Branches of a gnathos little bit flat, on the end with a small hook. The aedeagus is equal to half of length of a valva, cylindrical, is slightly narrowed in a distal part. The bottom surface of a valva has a sharp bend to bottom dorsal cog. On its distal end dorsal branch strongly bend inner, on it are available fine cogs.

Albulina. Type species: Papilio pheretes Hübner, [1805]. Length of a forewing 11 – 17 mm. Wings of the male from above brilliant dark blue with black marginal border, female – dark-brown. Pattern of a hindwing from below consists from large oval white spots on a grayish background. A forewing from below also grey, with a discal spot and five – six postdiscal spots of black colour (fig. 48). Genitalia. Typical for Polyommatus of a structure.

Agriades. Type species: Papilio glandon de Prunner, 1798. Length of a forewing 10 – 14 mm. Wings of the male from above синевато-steel, female – brownish with white spots. A forewing from below with discal, discoidal and row of postdiscal black spots. A hindwing from below with pattern from white and black spots (fig. 91). Genitalia (fig. 98). A valva lengthened, pear-shaped (pear), caudal branch long. An aedeagus short, cylindrical. A uncus thin, short. The branches of a gnathos are well appreciable, are pointed to top.

The status of a genus Polyommatus now by nobody is challenged and is accepted by all without exception by the authors as generic. Taxa of generic group close to Polyommatus, it is possible conditionally to divide into 6 groups: close to Albulina (wing pattern progressive, the bottom part of a hindwing practically is deprived of the majority black spots, from which have remained only white circles; a forewing with the minimal number of spots of black colour; antemarginal pattern is not expressed at all; a genitalia distinguish a little bit other form of a valva (especially – extensive cog on its dorsal surface)) (Albulina and Agriades), Pamiria (wing pattern progressive; significant difference is the extensive zone from green scales from below of hindwings having precise borders; in genitalia pays on itself attention the form of a valva and caudal brabch, which very large and almost rectangular) (Pamiria), Aricia (mainest differences – poorly expressed sexual dimorphism (if the male light-blue from above, and female from above has rather extensive sites of light-blue colour; if the male brown, and female brown) and separately laying two apical postdiscal spots from below of hindwings; in genitalia of the male on an aedeagus thorns or thickenings frequently are submitted cogs; aedeagus of a straight line, cylindrical) (Aricia, Umpria, Pseudoaricia, Ultraaricia), Meleageria (mainest difference from all other genera close to Polyommatus – presence on a hindwing of cogs (is especial well outstanding at females), and also pattern of wings, is strong poor visible at the expense of disappearance of a rows of spots) (Meleageria), Cyaniris (wing pattern of a bottom of wings consists only from discal and postdiscal spots; caudal branch lengthened; aedeagus short, in a lateral projection with branch in a distal part) (Cyaniris, Neolysandra) and Polyommatus (wing pattern rather primitive, with complete rows of basal and postdiscal spots, with the well and brightly expressed antemarginal pattern and sexual dimorphism; an aedeagus lengthened, different form, but always with excesses by consideration sideways; the sclerotized structures on an internal surface of a valva are expressed always) (Polyommatus, Lysandra, Sublysandra, Eumedonia, Agrodiaetus, Paragrodiaetus, Plebicula, Bryna, Alpherakya, Rimisia). It is obvious, that at available differences of taxa Meleageria and Pamiria it is necessary to give the generic status. The differences of Aricia from Polyommatus also are rather great (look the descriptions above), therefore to taxon Aricia here listed as a genus. Inside Aricia the group Ultraaricia – Pseudoaricia, which males of light-blue colour is appreciablly detached. Among themselves these taxa well differ with the form of a tegumen and valva, and also rather short aedeagus at Pseudoaricia deprived besides cogs. On this basis the taxa Ultraaricia and Pseudoaricia are considered by us as subgenera of Aricia. The taxon Umpria well differs from Aricia first of all by rather original pattern of wings, which, however, is only updating of the basic type of a wing pattern without any constructive changes. It is not enough of the differences, specified in the diagnosis, for giving to it of the generic status; as the subgenus it nor can be considered, as all its differences are reduced only to small changes in the form  of  genitalic structures and elements of a wing pattern. Therefore here Umpria is reduced in synonyms to Aricia: Aricia R.[eichenbach] L.[eipzig], 1817 = Umpria Zhdanko, 1994, syn.n. The group of taxa, close to Cyaniris, has very precise differences from all taxa of generic group inside group Polyommatus. It first of all wing pattern submitted only discal spots and row of postdiscal spots; indistinctly expressed sexual dimorphism (for example, at Cyaniris semiargus the male light-blue, female brown, at C. persephatta both sexes brown); the form of an aedeagus (it oblique at apex, but cylindrical) and presence on an internal surface of a valva longitudinal lobe, deprived of sclerotized formations. On the basis of the specified differences to a taxon Cyaniris the generic status is returned; the taxon Neolysandra differs from Cyaniris first of all by form of a valva and tegumen, however differences these do not carry constructive character; much brighter difference is the presence at Neolysandra on an aedeagus by consideration sideways branch in distal area. This difference, and also some features of pattern of wings in Neolysandra I take for a basis for allocation of Neolysandra as subgenus of Cyaniris.

The taxa close to Polyommatus, have one general feature: their wing pattern is rather primitive and is submitted by the maximal number of elements. These taxa can confidently be divided into 6 groups, which, on the sum of attributes, distinguishing them, here are accepted as subgenera of Polyommatus: 1) Paragrodiaetus (aedeagus with a powerful swelling (expansion, thickening) in a distal part; a tegumen continuous, not differenced); 2) Agrodiaetus (aedeagus with a proximal swelling, tegumen differenced, complex form); 3) Eumedonia (hindwing from below with a thin white stroke which is taking place almost through all wing; an aedeagus short, but pointed on the end); 4) Bryna and Plebicula (the aedeagus short, cylindrical, than comes nearer to Aricia and Cyaniris, but colouring and pattern of wings others, more primitive); 5) Lysandra (aedeagus lengthened, with the original form of apex; an uncus and caudal branch of a valva of other structure); 6) Polyommatus, Sublysandra, Alpherakya and Rimisia (differs from all subgenera by the form of aedeagus, vesica and uncus).

 

Thus, the system of a tribus Polyommatini is represented to me as follows:

 

Genus Plebeius

Subgenus Plebeius sensu stricto

Subgenus Lycaeides

Genus Plebejides

Genus Vacciniina

Subgenus Vacciniina sensu stricto

Subgenus Plebejidea

Subgenus Glabroculus

Subgenus Farsia

Genus Kretania

 

Genus Polyommatus

Subgenus Polyommatus sensu stricto (= Alpherakya Zhdanko, 1994, syn.n.; Rimisia Zhdanko, 1994, syn.n.; Sublysandra)

Subgenus Lysandra

Subgenus Bryna (= Plebicula Higgins, 1969, syn.n.)

Subgenus Eumedonia

Subgenus Agrodiaetus

Subgenus Paragrodiaetus

Genus Meleageria

Genus Aricia

Subgenus Aricia sensu stricto (= Umpria Zhdanko, 1994, syn.n.)

Subgenus Pseudoaricia

Subgenus Ultraaricia

Genus Pamiria

Genus Agriades

Subgenus Agriades sensu stricto

Subgenus Albulina

Genus Cyaniris

Subgenus Cyaniris sensu stricto

Subgenus Neolysandra

 

Zwierząt domowych i dzikich, osobliwie kraiowych, historyi naturalney początki i gospodarstwo. Potrzebnych i pożytecznych domowych chowanie, rozmnożenie, chorób leczenie, dzikich łowienie, oswoienie, zażycie, szkodliwych zaś wygubienie, Warszawa, 4: 89. TS: Papilio argus Linnaeus, 1758.

Subgenus Plebeius  sensu stricto

 

845. argus Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). Systema Naturae... (ed. 10), 1: 483. TL: Sweden. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          argus Linnaeus, 1758 (Papilio). D: Central and north area of Euroepan part.

·          bella Herrich-Schäffer, 1844 (Lycaena). Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa, Augsburg, 1: pl. 2, fig. 3. TL: Asia Minor. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Transcaucasus.

·          caerulea P.Gorbunov in Korshunov & Gorbunov, 1995 (Plebeius). Dnevnye babochki asiatskoj chasti Rossii, Ekaterinburg: 176. TL: “Ц. Якутия, г. Якутск, ботсад” [Central Yakutia, Yakutsk, botanic garden]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Central Yakutia.

·          clarasiatica Verity, 1931 (Lycaeides). Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift Iris, 45: 62. TL: “Gouv. Irkutsk: Sajan mont. or.: Mondy: Chulugaischa: 2600 m” (Kudrna, 1983: 25). Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Sayan; Praebaikal; Tuva.

·          georgica Forster, 1936 (Plebejus). Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 26: 62. TL: “Georgia”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Small Caucasus.

·          katunica Standel, 1960 (Lycaena). Revue d'Entomologie de l'URSS, Léningrad, 39: 695. TL: “р. Катунь” [Katun river]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Altai.

·          korshunovi Standel, 1960 (Lycaena). Revue d'Entomologie de l'URSS, Léningrad, 39: 695. TL: “ЗападнаяСибирь” [West Siberia]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: West Siberia.

·          kurentzovi Koçak, 1980 (Plebejus). Nota lepidopterologica, 2 (4): 142 [nom. nov. pro Lycaena argus orientalis Kurentzov, 1970, nec Lycaena amanda orientalis Staudinger, 1901]. TL: “наюгеПриморскогокрая” [in the southern part of Ussuri region]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Ussuri region; Amur region.

·          obensis Forster, 1936 (Plebejus). Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 26: 78. TL: Novosibirsk. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Central Siberia.

·          pamira Forster, 1936 (Plebejus). Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 26: 72. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. TL: “Pamir, Kalai-Liabob”. D: Alai; Pamir.

·          pseudaegon Butler, [1882] (Lycaena). Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 4: 851. TL: Hokkaido, Iburi. Had been originally described as a good species. D: Sakhalin.

·          tscherkessica Forster, 1936 (Plebejus). Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 26: 74. TL: “Tscherkessien”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Caucasus.

·          wolgensis Forster, 1936 (Plebejus). Mitteilungen der Münchener entomologischen Gesellschaft, 26: 75. TL: “Wolga”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: South of European part; Kazakhstan; Tian Shan.

 

846. ida Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 (Lycaena). Horae Societatis Entomologicae Rossicae, Sankt-Petersburg, 25: 451. TL: Altai. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          ida Grum-Grshimailo, 1891 (Lycaena). D: South Siberian mountains.

 

847. subsolanus Eversmann, 1851 (Lycaena). Bulletin de la Société impériale de Moscou, 24 (2): 620. TL: “Irkutsk” – by the lectotype (Lukhtanov & Lukhtanov, 1994: 262). Had been originally described as a good species.

·          barabash Churkin & Zhdanko, 2003 (Plebejus). Helios, Moscow, 4: 34 – 37; figs. 2 c, d, pls. 1, 2, figs. 25, 26. TL: “Russia, Far East, Primorie, Pogranichnyi district, Barabash-Levada v.”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of subsolanus. D: TL.

·          boreas Balint, 1989 (Plebeius). Atalanta, Würzburg, 19: 89 – 90; figs. 5 – 8. TL: “Mongolia, Ömnögovi aimak, Govi Altay, Mts. Gurvan Sayhan uul, valley Yulin am 2350 m, 104º03’ E 43º26’ N”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of cleobis Bremer, 1861. D: Tuva.

·          khramovi Churkin & Zhdanko, 2003 (Plebejus). Helios, Moscow, 4: 37 – 38; fig. 3 a, pls. 1, 2, figs. 21, 22. TL: “Russia, Far East, Khabarovsk reg., Obluch’e, Berezovaya Pad’ loc.”. Had been originally described as a subspecies of subsolanus. D: Southern part of Khabarovsk region.

·          ongodai Tutt, 1909 (Lycaena). Natural history of British butterflies, London, 3: 199. TL: “Ongodai, Altai Mts., 3 – 5000 feet” – by the lectotype (Bálint, 1999: 49; figs. 47 – 49). Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Central Altai.

·          subsolanus Eversmann, 1851 (Lycaena). D: East Sayan; Transbaikal; Amur region; North Altai; Kusnetzky Alatau; West Sayan.

·          ternejana Kurentzov, 1970 (Lycaena). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, Leningrad: 132; ris. 100 (3). TL: “вгорахСихотэ-АлиняТернейскогорайонаПриморскогокрая (вершинагорыЛесная, 1500 м)” [in the Sikhote Alin mountains in the Ternej district of Ussuri region (the peak of Lesnaja Mt.)]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Ussuri region.

·          verchojanicus Kurentzov, 1970 (Lycaena). Bulavousye cheshuekrylye Dalnego Vostoka SSSR, Leningrad: 132; ris. 100 (5). TL: “вВерхоянскомхребтеивсреднемтечениир. Лены” [in the Verkhoyansky mountain ridge and in the middle course of Lena river]. Had been originally described as a subspecies of argus. D: Far East; East Siberia (north and middle).

 

848. uiguricus Zhdanko, 2000 (Plebejus). Helios, Moscow, 1: 101 – 102; fig. 1. TLKazakhstan, S. Altai, Kurchum Mts., 20 km SE Karatogai, Bukombai loc.”. Had been originally described as a good species.

·          uiguricus Zhdanko, 2000 (Plebeius). D: TL.